Xiaochen Zhang, Chloe Hery, Eric M. McLaughlin, Nancy F. Woods, Marian L. Neuhouser, Holly Harris, Emily W. Gower, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Aladdin H. Shadyab, Robert B. Wallace, Electra D. Paskett
{"title":"老年妇女长期COVID-19症状、身体功能和日常生活活动的关系","authors":"Xiaochen Zhang, Chloe Hery, Eric M. McLaughlin, Nancy F. Woods, Marian L. Neuhouser, Holly Harris, Emily W. Gower, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Aladdin H. Shadyab, Robert B. Wallace, Electra D. Paskett","doi":"10.1111/jgs.19434","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>The impact of COVID-19 on physical function (PF) outcomes among older adults remains unclear. We examined the long-term association between COVID, PF, and Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) among women from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>Participants from the WHI who completed the COVID-19 survey (2021–2022) and annual survey (2022) were included. Self-reported data on COVID-19 testing and symptoms (2021–2022) were used. PF score and ADLs were evaluated pre- and post-COVID-19 survey by the 36-Item Short Form Survey PF subscale, the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, and the Katz Index of Independence in ADL. Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression were used and adjusted for pre-COVID functioning to examine the association between COVID status, PF, and ADLs. The interaction between pre-COVID functioning and COVID status was tested.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Among the 13,933 WHI participants, 71.4% were aged ≥ 80 years, and 88.6% were Non-Hispanic White. Only 8.7% tested positive for COVID-19 (<i>n</i> = 1210), with 35.1% having long COVID (<i>n</i> = 425). The most common long COVID symptoms were fatigue (18.2%), malaise (12.2%), memory problems (12.1%), and brain fog (11.2%). Women who tested COVID+ had lower PF scores (60 vs. 65, <i>p</i> = 0.045) and were less likely to be able to do all ADLs without help (74% vs. 79.2%, <i>p</i> = 0.015) compared to those who never tested COVID+. After controlling for covariates, post-COVID PF scores did not differ by COVID status (<i>p</i> = 0.30), although pre-COVID PF scores were significantly linked to post-COVID scores (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Similarly, the odds of being able to do all ADLs without any help did not differ by COVID status (<i>p</i> = 0.31), with pre-COVID ADLs significantly associated with post-COVID ADLs (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>In older women, after accounting for pre-COVID functional status, the association between long COVID and lower functioning became nonsignificant. Our findings highlight the importance of preserving physical functioning among older women.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":17240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society","volume":"73 6","pages":"1711-1721"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jgs.19434","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Association of Long COVID-19 Symptoms, Physical Function, and Activities of Daily Living Among Older Women\",\"authors\":\"Xiaochen Zhang, Chloe Hery, Eric M. McLaughlin, Nancy F. Woods, Marian L. Neuhouser, Holly Harris, Emily W. Gower, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Aladdin H. Shadyab, Robert B. Wallace, Electra D. Paskett\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/jgs.19434\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background</h3>\\n \\n <p>The impact of COVID-19 on physical function (PF) outcomes among older adults remains unclear. We examined the long-term association between COVID, PF, and Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) among women from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>Participants from the WHI who completed the COVID-19 survey (2021–2022) and annual survey (2022) were included. Self-reported data on COVID-19 testing and symptoms (2021–2022) were used. PF score and ADLs were evaluated pre- and post-COVID-19 survey by the 36-Item Short Form Survey PF subscale, the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, and the Katz Index of Independence in ADL. Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression were used and adjusted for pre-COVID functioning to examine the association between COVID status, PF, and ADLs. The interaction between pre-COVID functioning and COVID status was tested.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>Among the 13,933 WHI participants, 71.4% were aged ≥ 80 years, and 88.6% were Non-Hispanic White. Only 8.7% tested positive for COVID-19 (<i>n</i> = 1210), with 35.1% having long COVID (<i>n</i> = 425). The most common long COVID symptoms were fatigue (18.2%), malaise (12.2%), memory problems (12.1%), and brain fog (11.2%). Women who tested COVID+ had lower PF scores (60 vs. 65, <i>p</i> = 0.045) and were less likely to be able to do all ADLs without help (74% vs. 79.2%, <i>p</i> = 0.015) compared to those who never tested COVID+. After controlling for covariates, post-COVID PF scores did not differ by COVID status (<i>p</i> = 0.30), although pre-COVID PF scores were significantly linked to post-COVID scores (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Similarly, the odds of being able to do all ADLs without any help did not differ by COVID status (<i>p</i> = 0.31), with pre-COVID ADLs significantly associated with post-COVID ADLs (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>In older women, after accounting for pre-COVID functional status, the association between long COVID and lower functioning became nonsignificant. Our findings highlight the importance of preserving physical functioning among older women.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":17240,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society\",\"volume\":\"73 6\",\"pages\":\"1711-1721\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-03-10\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jgs.19434\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jgs.19434\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jgs.19434","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
The Association of Long COVID-19 Symptoms, Physical Function, and Activities of Daily Living Among Older Women
Background
The impact of COVID-19 on physical function (PF) outcomes among older adults remains unclear. We examined the long-term association between COVID, PF, and Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) among women from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI).
Methods
Participants from the WHI who completed the COVID-19 survey (2021–2022) and annual survey (2022) were included. Self-reported data on COVID-19 testing and symptoms (2021–2022) were used. PF score and ADLs were evaluated pre- and post-COVID-19 survey by the 36-Item Short Form Survey PF subscale, the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, and the Katz Index of Independence in ADL. Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression were used and adjusted for pre-COVID functioning to examine the association between COVID status, PF, and ADLs. The interaction between pre-COVID functioning and COVID status was tested.
Results
Among the 13,933 WHI participants, 71.4% were aged ≥ 80 years, and 88.6% were Non-Hispanic White. Only 8.7% tested positive for COVID-19 (n = 1210), with 35.1% having long COVID (n = 425). The most common long COVID symptoms were fatigue (18.2%), malaise (12.2%), memory problems (12.1%), and brain fog (11.2%). Women who tested COVID+ had lower PF scores (60 vs. 65, p = 0.045) and were less likely to be able to do all ADLs without help (74% vs. 79.2%, p = 0.015) compared to those who never tested COVID+. After controlling for covariates, post-COVID PF scores did not differ by COVID status (p = 0.30), although pre-COVID PF scores were significantly linked to post-COVID scores (p < 0.001). Similarly, the odds of being able to do all ADLs without any help did not differ by COVID status (p = 0.31), with pre-COVID ADLs significantly associated with post-COVID ADLs (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
In older women, after accounting for pre-COVID functional status, the association between long COVID and lower functioning became nonsignificant. Our findings highlight the importance of preserving physical functioning among older women.
期刊介绍：
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (JAGS) is the go-to journal for clinical aging research. We provide a diverse, interprofessional community of healthcare professionals with the latest insights on geriatrics education, clinical practice, and public policy—all supporting the high-quality, person-centered care essential to our well-being as we age. Since the publication of our first edition in 1953, JAGS has remained one of the oldest and most impactful journals dedicated exclusively to gerontology and geriatrics.
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