低出生体重儿童入学准备的儿童、父母和环境相关因素。

IF 3 3区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS

Academic Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI:10.1016/j.acap.2025.102808

Genevieve G. Guyol MD, MAT , Erika G. Cordova-Ramos MD , Mei Elansary MD, MPhil , Timothy C. Heeren PhD , Jonathan S. Litt MD, MPH, ScD , Margaret G. Parker MD, MPH

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目标：在美国低出生体重儿童（LBW）中：(1)确定入学准备的患病率（“健康并准备学习”）；(2)检查入学准备与医疗因素（特殊医疗需求、出生体重）、社会人口学特征（儿童种族/民族、家庭收入、父母教育程度、家庭语言）、社区支持（早期干预/特殊教育、校外托儿服务、医疗之家、社区设施）、父母因素（心理健康、情感支持、家庭弹性）和育儿实践（就寝时间、用餐时间、讲故事惯例）之间的关系；出现每天时间很短)。但是方法：我们研究了1421名3-5岁的出生体重儿童。结果：30%的LBW儿童入学准备正常。特定领域的准备程度从早期学习技能的45%到身体健康/运动发展的87%不等。更复杂的特殊医疗需求（平均边际效应为-17%，95%CI为-30%，-9%）、父母教育程度为高中或以下（AME为-16%，95%CI为-15%，-4%）和早期干预/特殊教育（AME为-14%，95%CI为-26%，-5%）与入学准备呈负相关。父母的情感支持（AME 12%, 95%CI 0.9%, 24%）和每天少于一小时的屏幕时间（AME 16%, 95%CI 6%, 29%）与入学准备呈正相关。结论：不到三分之一的美国LBW儿童在入学准备方面处于正轨。未来的工作应侧重于提高这一人群的入学准备程度，这是长期教育、健康和经济结果的关键预测指标。

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Child, Parent, and Contextual Correlates of School Readiness Among Children With Low Birth Weight

Objective

Among US children with low birth weight (LBW) 1) determine prevalence of school readiness; and 2) examine associations between school readiness and medical factors (special health care needs, birth weight), sociodemographic characteristics (child race and ethnicity, household income, parental education, household language), community supports (early intervention/special education, outside childcare, medical home, neighborhood amenities), parent factors (mental health, emotional support, family resilience), and parenting practices (bedtime, mealtime, storytelling routines; daily screentime).

Methods

We studied 1421 children 3 to 5 years with birth weight <2500g from the 2016–19 National Survey of Children’s Health. We calculated the prevalence of school readiness overall and in individual domains (early learning skills, physical health/motor development, social-emotional development, and self-regulation). We investigated associations between predictors and school readiness with logistic regression.

Results

Thirty percent of children with LBW were on-track for school readiness. Domain-specific readiness ranged from 45% in early learning skills to 87% in physical health/motor development. More complex special health care needs (average marginal effect [AME] −17%, 95% confidence interval [CI] −30%, −9%), parental education high school or less (AME −16%, 95% CI −15%, −4%), and early intervention/special education (AME −14%, 95% CI −26%, −5%) were negatively associated with school readiness. Parental emotional support (AME 12%, 95% CI 0.9%, 24%) and <1 hour of daily screentime (AME 16%, 95% CI 6%, 29%) were positively associated with school readiness.

Conclusions

Less than one-third of US children with LBW were on-track for school readiness. Future work should focus on improving school readiness among this population.

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来源期刊

Academic Pediatrics PEDIATRICS-

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

12.90%

发文量

300

审稿时长

60 days

期刊介绍： Academic Pediatrics, the official journal of the Academic Pediatric Association, is a peer-reviewed publication whose purpose is to strengthen the research and educational base of academic general pediatrics. The journal provides leadership in pediatric education, research, patient care and advocacy. Content areas include pediatric education, emergency medicine, injury, abuse, behavioral pediatrics, holistic medicine, child health services and health policy,and the environment. The journal provides an active forum for the presentation of pediatric educational research in diverse settings, involving medical students, residents, fellows, and practicing professionals. The journal also emphasizes important research relating to the quality of child health care, health care policy, and the organization of child health services. It also includes systematic reviews of primary care interventions and important methodologic papers to aid research in child health and education.