Prognostic and therapeutic potential of CXCR6 expression on CD8 + T cells in gastric cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a pressing global health concern, with prognosis intricately linked to the tumour stage and tumour microenvironment, especially, the presence of immune cells. Notably, CD8 + T cells play a pivotal role in the anti-tumour immune response, prompting investigations into their correlation with GC survival. This study aimed to investigate the intricate interplay between CD8 + T cells, particularly within the context of CXCR6, and survival outcomes in patients with GC.

Methods: Utilising datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus, and Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion, the study employed xCell and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis to assess CD8 + T cell infiltration and identify key gene clusters. The prognostic significance of CXCR6 was evaluated via immunohistochemical staining of a GC tissue microarray.

Results: High CD8 + T cell infiltration correlated with improved survival in patients with GC. CXCR6 was identified as a prognostic gene and its expression was predominantly observed in CD8 + T cells. CXCR6 expression positively correlated with improved overall and disease-free survival. Furthermore, CXCR6 expression was associated with an immunoreactive microenvironment.

Conclusion: This study established that high CD8 + T-cell infiltration is related to CXCR6 expression, making it a key factor in predicting a favorable GC prognosis. The role of CXCR6 in shaping the tumour microenvironment and its potential utility in immunotherapy response prediction highlights its significance in GC management.