连续管式微波反应器合成茶叶脂肪酸甲酯

IF 2.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Pradeep K. Singh, Vitthal L. Gole, Jyoti Sharma, Rajesh K. Yadav
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引用次数: 0

摘要

利用微波辐照加强化学加工,减少了能量和加工时间要求。本文研究了以可再生原料花椒为原料合成脂肪酸甲酯(FAME)的工艺。由于原料中游离脂肪酸含量较高,并且在第二步中避免皂化,因此采用了两步酸酯化和碱酯交换法合成FAME。为了获得开发连续反应器的有用数据,进行了批量实验。以油-甲醇比、催化剂浓度和处理时间为指标,对间歇反应器和连续反应器的性能进行了分析。与间歇操作相比,连续操作所需的处理时间和油-甲醇比略高。两种方法的FAME收率几乎相同。间歇酯化反应的最佳工艺条件为油-甲醇摩尔比为1:3,催化剂浓度为1.5%,反应时间为20 min;间歇酯化反应的最佳工艺条件为油-甲醇摩尔比为1:6,催化剂浓度为1.0%,反应时间为15 min。连续酯化反应的最佳工艺条件为6 mL/min。FAME的性能,如密度,运动粘度和闪点,符合ASTM D6751。微波反应器的缺点,如低穿透深度,相关热点,以及微波腔的内部几何形状。利用管式微波反应器可以克服这一问题。所提出的有希望的结果将有助于反应器的持续发展。通过增加管道长度,反应器可以按比例放大到任何比例。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Fatty acid methyl ester synthesis from Calophyllum inophyllum Linn using continuous-tubular microwave reactor

Fatty acid methyl ester synthesis from Calophyllum inophyllum Linn using continuous-tubular microwave reactor

Intensification of chemical processing using microwave irradiation reduced energy and the processing time requirement. Present work investigated the synthesis of fatty acids methyl esters (FAME) from renewable feedstock Calophyllum inophylum Linn. A two-step acid esterification followed by an alkali transesterification protocol was employed for FAME synthesis due to the initial higher amount of free fatty acid content in feedstock and to avoid saponification during the second step. Batch-scale experiments were performed to gain useful data for the development of a continuous reactor. Performance of batch and continuous reactors was analyzed based on oil–methanol ratio, catalyst concentration, and processing time. Continuous operation required marginally higher processing time and oil–methanol ratio compared to batch operation. FAME yield was nearly the same for both methods. The optimum results for batch esterification were 1:3 oil–methanol molar ratio, 1.5% catalyst concentration, and reaction time 20 min, and for batch transesterification, 1:6 oil–methanol molar ratio, 1.0% catalyst concentration, and reaction time 15 min. Similar results were obtained for the continuous process at an optimum flowrate of 6 mL/min. The properties of FAME, such as density, kinematic viscosity, and flash point, were compatible with ASTM D6751. Shortfalls of microwave reactors, such as low penetration depth, associated hotspots, and the internal geometry of the microwave cavity. It can be overcome using tubular-type microwave reactors. The promising results presented will be useful for the continuous reactor development. Reactors can be scaled up to any scale by increasing tube length.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
16.10%
发文量
205
审稿时长
4.8 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management has a twofold focus: research in technical, political, and environmental problems of material cycles and waste management; and information that contributes to the development of an interdisciplinary science of material cycles and waste management. Its aim is to develop solutions and prescriptions for material cycles. The journal publishes original articles, reviews, and invited papers from a wide range of disciplines related to material cycles and waste management. The journal is published in cooperation with the Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management (JSMCWM) and the Korea Society of Waste Management (KSWM).
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