冷渗沉积物中微真核生物与原核生物群落多样性格局对比。

IF 5.1 Q1 ECOLOGY
ISME communications Pub Date : 2025-01-08 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1093/ismeco/ycaf002
Zhimeng Xu, Jiawei Chen, Wenzhao Liang, Zhao Liang Chen, Wenxue Wu, Xiaomin Xia, Bingzhang Chen, Ding He, Hongbin Liu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

冷渗漏是生物多样性的热点。然而,微生物多样性的量化,特别是微真核生物的量化,仍然很少,对活性基团知之甚少。本文利用DNA(全群落)和RNA(活性群落)特征对南海北部海马冷渗沉积物中原核生物和微真核生物的多样性和活性进行了研究。我们发现,一般来说,原核生物在渗漏沉积物中的多样性低于非渗漏区域,而微真核生物则表现出相反的模式。这一发现可以解释为原核生物群落以同质选择为主,而微真核生物群落受环境选择的影响较小,在渗漏区具有丰富的类群丰富度。微真核生物的DNA和RNA群落组成差异远大于原核生物,这可以从大量的无活性微真核生物分类群中反映出来。与整个群落相比,微真核生物、短尾菌、迷路菌和顶复菌等渗活性类群对环境因子更为敏感,且受环境因子的直接影响,在生态系统的生物多样性和功能中起着关键作用。该研究揭示了冷渗沉积物中原核生物和微真核生物群落之间的多样性模式和调控机制,加深了我们对深海极端生境微生物生态学的认识。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Contrasting diversity patterns between microeukaryotic and prokaryotic communities in cold-seep sediments.

Cold seeps are hotspots of biodiversity. However, the quantification of the microbial diversity, particularly that of microeukaryotes, remains scarce and little is known about the active groups. In this study we investigated the diversity and activity of prokaryotes and microeukaryotes in the Haima cold seep sediments in the northern South China Sea using both DNA (whole community) and RNA (active community) signatures. We found that, in general, prokaryotes had lower diversity in the seep sediment than in non-seep regions while microeukaryotes showed the opposite pattern. This finding could be explained by the dominance of homogeneous selection in the prokaryotic community while microeukaryotic communities were less affected by environmental selection, harboring high richness of abundant groups in the seep regions. The compositional difference between DNA and RNA communities was much larger in microeukaryotes than prokaryotes, which could be reflected by the large number of inactive microeukaryotic taxa. Compared to the whole community, the seep-active groups, e.g. among microeukaryotes, Breviatea, Labyrinthulomycetes, and Apicomplexa were more sensitive to and directly influenced by environmental factors, suggesting their pivotal roles in ecosystem biodiversity and functions. This study provides insight into the distinct diversity patterns and regulating mechanisms that occur between prokaryotic and microeukaryotic communities in cold-seep sediments, deepening our understanding of microbial ecology in deep-sea extreme habitats.

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