美沙酮治疗慢性疼痛:药理学、疗效和安全性研究综述。

IF 3 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL
Health Psychology Research Pub Date : 2025-03-02 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.52965/001c.129552
Patrick Brown, Alexa Ryder, Christopher Robinson, Kayla Valenti, Katie Phung, Jamal Hasoon
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引用次数: 0

摘要

综述目的:美沙酮是一种合成阿片类药物,广泛用于阿片类药物使用障碍的管理,但由于其独特的药理特性,使其成为慢性疼痛管理的可行替代方案,正在获得认可。本综述旨在探讨美沙酮的药代动力学、药效学、疗效和安全性,以评估其在治疗慢性疼痛方面的潜在作用。最近发现:美沙酮作为阿片受体激动剂和NMDA受体拮抗剂的双重作用使其成为治疗伤害性和神经性疼痛的有效选择。它在癌症疼痛管理、难治性疼痛和阿片类药物轮换策略方面显示出有希望的结果。尽管它具有治疗优势,但对其狭窄的治疗窗口、多变的药代动力学、QT间期延长和呼吸抑制风险的担忧突出了谨慎选择和监测患者的必要性。新的证据还揭示了其在低资源环境下的可负担性和有效性,以及其在减轻阿片类药物引起的痛觉过敏方面的争议作用。总结:美沙酮由于其多方面的药理特性,为慢性疼痛管理提供了一种独特的治疗选择。虽然它为复杂疼痛综合征的患者提供了显著的益处,但由于其安全性和个体代谢的可变性,临床医生必须谨慎行事。个性化的方法与严格的监测相结合,对于优化其效益,同时最大限度地降低风险至关重要。需要进一步的研究来更好地确定其在慢性疼痛治疗中的作用,并解决尚未解决的安全问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Methadone for Chronic Pain: A Review of Pharmacology, Efficacy, and Safety Concerns.

Purpose of review: Methadone is a synthetic opioid extensively used in opioid use disorder management but is gaining recognition for its unique pharmacological properties that make it a viable alternative for chronic pain management. This review aims to explore methadone's pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and safety profile to assess its potential role in managing chronic pain conditions.

Recent findings: Methadone's dual action as a mu-opioid receptor agonist and NMDA receptor antagonist positions it as an effective option for managing both nociceptive and neuropathic pain. It has shown promising results in cancer pain management, refractory pain, and opioid rotation strategies. Despite its therapeutic advantages, concerns regarding its narrow therapeutic window, variable pharmacokinetics, QT interval prolongation, and risk of respiratory depression highlight the need for careful patient selection and monitoring. New evidence also sheds light on its affordability and efficacy in low-resource settings, as well as its controversial role in mitigating opioid-induced hyperalgesia.

Summary: Methadone offers a unique therapeutic option in chronic pain management due to its multifaceted pharmacological properties. While it provides significant benefits for patients with complex pain syndromes, clinicians must exercise caution due to its safety concerns and variability in individual metabolism. A personalized approach, combined with rigorous monitoring, is essential to optimize its benefits while minimizing risks. Further research is needed to better define its role in chronic pain treatment and address unresolved safety concerns.

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来源期刊
Health Psychology Research
Health Psychology Research PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
63
审稿时长
15 weeks
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