被烟熏还是被施了魔法?津巴布韦绍纳人大麻使用与精神疾病的关系

IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY
Culture Medicine and Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-05 DOI:10.1007/s11013-025-09898-4
Maja Jakarasi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

生物医学和“精神病学”学科(心理学、精神分析学、精神病学等)的元叙述认为,吸食大麻是津巴布韦卢辛加地区不同男子患精神疾病的根本原因之一。然而,这些元叙事似乎已经将精神疾病的概念和表征普遍化、医学化和边缘化,因为它们与精神疾病的地方认识论和本体论交织在一起。根据当地的认识论,迪瓦的长老们在很大程度上将精神疾病追溯到与大麻使用很少相关的话语社会文化解释。本文回答了中心问题:在Rushinga地区,不同的人使用大麻与精神疾病有什么关系?我认为,根据西方新自由主义和生物医学元叙事,社区成员、保健提供者和警察想把患有精神疾病的人,特别是男性,看作是“疯狂的”和不道德的大麻使用者,他们把疾病带到自己身上,缺乏个人责任。然而,这种框架是没有帮助的,它不利于治疗和社会声誉,因为它绕过了当地文化的解释,这可能是保护性的,并为治疗提供了更明确的指导方针。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Smoked or Bewitched? The Relationship Between Cannabis Use and Mental Illness Among the Shona Persons in Zimbabwe.

The metanarrative of biomedicine and "psy" discipline (psychology, psychoanalysis, psychiatry etc.) asserts that cannabis use is one of the fundamental causes of mental illness among different men in the Rushinga district of Zimbabwe. These metanarratives, however, appear to have universalised, medicalised and marginalised the conception and representation of mental illness as enmeshed in local epistemologies and ontologies of mental illness. Based on local epistemologies, elders in Diwa largely trace mental illness to discursive sociocultural explanations rarely linked to cannabis use. This paper answers the central question: How is the use of cannabis by different persons related to mental illness in the Rushinga district? I argue that community members, health providers and police officers want to think of persons, especially men, with mental illness as "mad" and immoral cannabis users who brought illnesses upon themselves and lack personal responsibility based on Western neoliberal and biomedical metanarratives. However, this framing is not helpful, it is detrimental to treatment and social reputation, as it bypasses local cultural explanations that may be protective and that offer clearer guidelines for treatment.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
5.90%
发文量
49
期刊介绍: Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry is an international and interdisciplinary forum for the publication of work in three interrelated fields: medical and psychiatric anthropology, cross-cultural psychiatry, and related cross-societal and clinical epidemiological studies. The journal publishes original research, and theoretical papers based on original research, on all subjects in each of these fields. Interdisciplinary work which bridges anthropological and medical perspectives and methods which are clinically relevant are particularly welcome, as is research on the cultural context of normative and deviant behavior, including the anthropological, epidemiological and clinical aspects of the subject. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry also fosters systematic and wide-ranging examinations of the significance of culture in health care, including comparisons of how the concept of culture is operationalized in anthropological and medical disciplines. With the increasing emphasis on the cultural diversity of society, which finds its reflection in many facets of our day to day life, including health care, Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry is required reading in anthropology, psychiatry and general health care libraries.
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