[Relapsed immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report and literature review].

Objective: To review the diagnosis and treatment process of a patient with relapsed immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and conduct a review of relevant literature, so as to provide a reference basis for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the diagnosis and treatment process of a patient with relapsed iTTP secondary to SLE who was admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, and conducted a review of literature. Results: When the patient's iTTP relapsed, it was accompanied by moderate lupus activity, hypofibrinogenemia, renal insufficiency, and pulmonary infection. After adopting therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), hormone pulse therapy, bortezomib, and comprehensive diagnosis and treatment by a multidisciplinary team, both the patient's iTTP and SLE were relieved. Conclusion: A comprehensive examination should be completed when diagnosing iTTP to rule out the possibility of combining with other autoimmune diseases. For relapsed and refractory cases, treatments targeting plasma cells, such as bortezomib, can be attempted.