粉防己碱通过双重抑制自噬通量和增强MHC-I呈递的蛋白酶体活性来增强黑色素瘤细胞的免疫原性。

IF 6.9 1区 医学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Acta Pharmacologica Sinica Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-27 DOI:10.1038/s41401-025-01507-9
Li-Na He, Yu-Jiao Liu, Jun-Bo Jiang, Ding-Ye Wang, Yu-Ling Li, Shi-Ji Zeng, Zi Guo, Pei-Yan Yao, Zi-Chang Lin, Si-Xian Lv, Xiao-Yi Liu, Wei Guo, Fang Liu, Biao-Yan Du, Ting-Xiu Zhao, Jian-Yong Xiao, Ya-Fei Shi, Kun Wang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

mhc - i介导的抗原呈递在抗肿瘤免疫中起关键作用,使CD8+ T细胞能够识别和破坏肿瘤细胞。蛋白酶体和自噬都是调节MHC-I分子稳定性和功能的重要细胞降解机制。在黑色素瘤中,调节影响MHC-I抗原呈递的途径是关键的,并且可以深刻影响免疫治疗的治疗结果。本研究的最初工作是筛选能够扩增B16黑色素瘤细胞上MHC-I表面表达的天然化合物。利用荧光标记抗体的流式细胞术,我们鉴定了粉防己碱(Tet),一种从粉防己根中提取的双苄基异喹啉生物碱,是B16黑色素瘤细胞中mhc - i介导的抗原呈递的有效增强剂。我们证明粉防己碱(2.5、5、7.5 μM)通过同时抑制自噬和蛋白酶体活性(MHC-I降解的两个关键途径),剂量依赖性地上调B16或A375黑色素瘤细胞中表面和总MHC-I蛋白水平。这种双重抑制稳定了MHC-I分子,从而增强了肿瘤抗原的呈递和CD8+ T细胞的识别。在共培养系统中,粉防己碱处理增加了CD8+ T细胞的活化和对黑色素瘤细胞的细胞毒性,这可以通过IFN-γ分泌升高和肿瘤细胞凋亡增加来证明。在小鼠模型中,粉防己碱(50 mg·kg-1·d-1, ig,持续15天)显著抑制黑色素瘤生长,并伴有肿瘤微环境中CD8+ T细胞浸润和活化的增加。值得注意的是,粉防己碱与抗pd -1免疫检查点疗法协同作用,与单独治疗相比,可增强肿瘤生长抑制。我们发现粉防己碱(7.5 μM)阻断溶酶体钙外排通道TPC2,破坏溶酶体钙稳态,从而损害溶酶体酸化和蛋白酶体活性,从而稳定MHC-I分子并促进抗原呈递。这些结果突出了粉防己碱通过双重抑制自噬通量和蛋白酶体降解来增强mhc - i介导的抗原呈递的独特作用机制。这项研究强调了粉防己碱作为一种新的免疫调节剂的潜力,可以促进CD8+ T细胞介导的肿瘤细胞根除和增强免疫检查点治疗的疗效。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Tetrandrine augments melanoma cell immunogenicity via dual inhibition of autophagic flux and proteasomal activity enhancing MHC-I presentation.

MHC-I-mediated antigen presentation is pivotal in antitumor immunity, enabling the recognition and destruction of tumor cells by CD8+ T cells. Both the proteasome and autophagy serve as essential cellular degradation mechanisms that regulate the stability and functionality of MHC-I molecules. In melanoma, modulating the pathways that affect MHC-I antigen presentation is pivotal and can profoundly influence the therapeutic outcomes of immunotherapy. Our initial effort of this study was a screening process to identify natural compounds capable of amplifying MHC-I surface expression on B16 melanoma cells. Utilizing flow cytometry with fluorescently tagged antibodies, we identified tetrandrine (Tet), a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid derived from the root of Stephania tetrandra, as a potent enhancer of MHC-I-mediated antigen presentation in B16 melanoma cells. We demonstrate that tetrandrine (2.5, 5, 7.5 μM) dose-dependently upregulates both surface and total MHC-I protein levels in B16 or A375 melanoma cells by simultaneously inhibiting autophagy and proteasomal activity, two key pathways involved in MHC-I degradation. This dual inhibition stabilizes MHC-I molecules, leading to enhanced tumor antigen presentation and improved recognition by CD8+ T cells. In co-culture systems, tetrandrine treatment increased CD8+ T cell activation and cytotoxicity against melanoma cells, evidenced by elevated IFN-γ secretion and increased tumor cell apoptosis. Administration of tetrandrine (50 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.g., for 15 days) significantly suppressed melanoma growth in mouse models accompanied by increased CD8+ T cell infiltration and activation within the tumor microenvironment. Notably, tetrandrine synergized with anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint therapy, leading to enhanced tumor growth inhibition compared to either treatment alone. We revealed that tetrandrine (7.5 μM) blocked the lysosomal calcium efflux channel TPC2, disrupting lysosomal calcium homeostasis, thus impairing lysosomal acidification and proteasomal activity, thereby stabilizing MHC-I molecules and promoting antigen presentation. These results highlight tetrandrine's unique mechanism of action in enhancing MHC-I-mediated antigen presentation through dual inhibition of autophagic flux and proteasomal degradation. This study underscores tetrandrine's potential as a novel immunomodulatory agent to boost CD8+ T cell-mediated tumor cell eradication and enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint therapies.

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来源期刊
Acta Pharmacologica Sinica
Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 医学-化学综合
CiteScore
15.10
自引率
2.40%
发文量
4365
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: APS (Acta Pharmacologica Sinica) welcomes submissions from diverse areas of pharmacology and the life sciences. While we encourage contributions across a broad spectrum, topics of particular interest include, but are not limited to: anticancer pharmacology, cardiovascular and pulmonary pharmacology, clinical pharmacology, drug discovery, gastrointestinal and hepatic pharmacology, genitourinary, renal, and endocrine pharmacology, immunopharmacology and inflammation, molecular and cellular pharmacology, neuropharmacology, pharmaceutics, and pharmacokinetics. Join us in sharing your research and insights in pharmacology and the life sciences.
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