重度抑郁发作患者和健康对照(情绪移动监测)的多模态数字表型研究:观察性纵向研究。

IF 5.8 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY
Jmir Mental Health Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI:10.2196/63622
Talayeh Aledavood, Nguyen Luong, Ilya Baryshnikov, Richard Darst, Roope Heikkilä, Joel Holmén, Arsi Ikäheimonen, Annasofia Martikkala, Kirsi Riihimäki, Outi Saleva, Ana Maria Triana, Erkki Isometsä
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:情绪障碍是全世界最常见的精神健康状况之一。可穿戴设备和消费级个人数字设备创造了可以收集、处理和分析的数字痕迹,为在自然生活环境中量化和监测精神障碍患者提供了独特的机会。目的:本研究包括(1)重度抑郁发作患者的3个亚队列,包括重度抑郁障碍、双相情感障碍或边缘型人格障碍,以及(2)健康对照组。我们调查了是否可以在组水平上观察到行为模式的差异,即患者与健康对照组。我们研究了智能手机屏幕和应用程序使用、通信、睡眠、移动和体育活动的数量和时间模式。我们调查了与同一组中的其他个体相比,患者或对照组是否表现出更均匀的时间活动模式。我们研究了哪些变量与抑郁症的严重程度有关。方法:共招募188名参与者完成一项两期研究。在前两周,收集了床上传感器、活动记录仪、智能手机和5套日常问题的数据。在第二阶段,持续时间长达1年,仅收集被动智能手机数据和两周一次的9项患者健康问卷数据。进行生存分析、统计检验和线性混合模型。结果:生存分析显示依从性差异无统计学意义。大多数参与者没有在研究中停留1年。患者工作日位置方差较低(对照组:均值-10.04,SD 2.73;患者:平均-11.91,SD 2.50;Mann-Whitney U [MWU]检验P=.004)。患者的归一化定位熵较低(对照组:均值2.10,标准差1.38;患者:平均1.57,标准差1.10;MWU检验P= 0.05)。与患者相比,对照组的时间交流模式更加多样化(MWU测试)。结论:我们的工作为未来分析情绪障碍的行为标志物提供了重要特征。然而,在轻中度抑郁障碍的门诊患者中,任何单一模式与健康对照组的组水平差异仍然相对温和。因此,未来的研究需要结合多种模式的数据来发现更细微的差异,并识别个性化的特征。较长学习时间的高辍学率仍然是一个挑战,并限制了普遍性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Multimodal Digital Phenotyping Study in Patients With Major Depressive Episodes and Healthy Controls (Mobile Monitoring of Mood): Observational Longitudinal Study.

Multimodal Digital Phenotyping Study in Patients With Major Depressive Episodes and Healthy Controls (Mobile Monitoring of Mood): Observational Longitudinal Study.

Multimodal Digital Phenotyping Study in Patients With Major Depressive Episodes and Healthy Controls (Mobile Monitoring of Mood): Observational Longitudinal Study.

Multimodal Digital Phenotyping Study in Patients With Major Depressive Episodes and Healthy Controls (Mobile Monitoring of Mood): Observational Longitudinal Study.

Background: Mood disorders are among the most common mental health conditions worldwide. Wearables and consumer-grade personal digital devices create digital traces that can be collected, processed, and analyzed, offering a unique opportunity to quantify and monitor individuals with mental disorders in their natural living environments.

Objective: This study comprised (1) 3 subcohorts of patients with a major depressive episode, either with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, or concurrent borderline personality disorder, and (2) a healthy control group. We investigated whether differences in behavioral patterns could be observed at the group level, that is, patients versus healthy controls. We studied the volume and temporal patterns of smartphone screen and app use, communication, sleep, mobility, and physical activity. We investigated whether patients or controls exhibited more homogenous temporal patterns of activity when compared with other individuals in the same group. We examined which variables were associated with the severity of depression.

Methods: In total, 188 participants were recruited to complete a 2-phase study. In the first 2 weeks, data from bed sensors, actigraphy, smartphones, and 5 sets of daily questions were collected. In the second phase, which lasted up to 1 year, only passive smartphone data and biweekly 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire data were collected. Survival analysis, statistical tests, and linear mixed models were performed.

Results: Survival analysis showed no statistically significant difference in adherence. Most participants did not stay in the study for 1 year. Weekday location variance showed lower values for patients (control: mean -10.04, SD 2.73; patient: mean -11.91, SD 2.50; Mann-Whitney U [MWU] test P=.004). Normalized entropy of location was lower among patients (control: mean 2.10, SD 1.38; patient: mean 1.57, SD 1.10; MWU test P=.05). The temporal communication patterns of controls were more diverse compared to those of patients (MWU test P<.001). In contrast, patients exhibited more varied temporal patterns of smartphone use compared to the controls. We found that the duration of incoming calls (β=-0.08, 95% CI -0.12 to -0.04; P<.001) and the SD of activity magnitude (β=-2.05, 95% CI -4.18 to -0.20; P=.02) over the 14 days before the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire records were negatively associated with depression severity. Conversely, the duration of outgoing calls showed a positive association with depression severity (β=0.05, 95% CI 0.00-0.09; P=.02).

Conclusions: Our work shows the important features for future analyses of behavioral markers of mood disorders. However, among outpatients with mild to moderate depressive disorders, the group-level differences from healthy controls in any single modality remain relatively modest. Therefore, future studies need to combine data from multiple modalities to detect more subtle differences and identify individualized signatures. The high dropout rates for longer study periods remain a challenge and limit the generalizability.

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来源期刊
Jmir Mental Health
Jmir Mental Health Medicine-Psychiatry and Mental Health
CiteScore
10.80
自引率
3.80%
发文量
104
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: JMIR Mental Health (JMH, ISSN 2368-7959) is a PubMed-indexed, peer-reviewed sister journal of JMIR, the leading eHealth journal (Impact Factor 2016: 5.175). JMIR Mental Health focusses on digital health and Internet interventions, technologies and electronic innovations (software and hardware) for mental health, addictions, online counselling and behaviour change. This includes formative evaluation and system descriptions, theoretical papers, review papers, viewpoint/vision papers, and rigorous evaluations.
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