{"title":"坚持戴口罩及其对病毒性呼吸道传染病发病率和死亡率的影响：一项系统综述、荟萃分析和建模研究","authors":"Can Chen, Wenkai Zhou, Jiaxing Qi, Mengsha Chen, Zhenglin Yuan, Jiani Miao, Mengya Yang, Jiaxin Chen, Fang Shen, Kexin Cao, Rongrong Qu, Daixi Jiang, Yuxia Du, Xiaoyue Wu, Yue You, Rui Yan, Changtai Zhu, Shigui Yang","doi":"10.1136/bmjgh-2024-017087","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study systematically analysed global and regional adherence to mask-wearing and its impact on the incidence and deaths of viral respiratory infectious diseases (VRIDs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant studies were sourced from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus. We included observational studies with available raw data on mask-wearing adherence (rates of acceptability of mask-wearing, mask-wearing in public settings and correct mask-wearing) during VRID pandemics/epidemics. The COVID-19-related incidence and deaths were sourced from Global Burden of Diseases 2021. The quality of each study was assessed using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Scale. Pooled rates and effects of mask-wearing were calculated using random effects models and generalised linear models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 448 studies from 70 countries/regions. During the VRID pandemics/epidemics, global pooled rates for the acceptability of mask-wearing, mask-wearing in public settings and correct mask-wearing were 65.27% (95% CI 60.34% to 70.05%), 74.67% (95% CI 69.17% to 79.8%) and 63.63% (95% CI 59.28% to 67.87%), respectively. In individuals with chronic diseases/elderly/pregnant women, the rates of acceptability (42.54%) and correct mask-wearing (60.56%) were both low. Among the general population, the rates of mask-wearing in public settings (68.2%) and correct mask-wearing (57.45%) were the lowest. During the COVID-19 pandemic, countries with a requirement for mask-wearing exhibited a higher rate in public settings (76.10% vs 58.32%), especially in regions with more stringent containment and health measures (β=0.86, p=0.008). The mask-wearing in public settings has been found to significantly reduce the COVID-19 incidence (β=-265.26, p=0.004), COVID-19 deaths (β=-2.04, p<0.001) and other COVID-19 pandemic-related deaths (β=-0.83, p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>During the VRID pandemics/epidemics, adherence to mask-wearing was relatively low. 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We included observational studies with available raw data on mask-wearing adherence (rates of acceptability of mask-wearing, mask-wearing in public settings and correct mask-wearing) during VRID pandemics/epidemics. The COVID-19-related incidence and deaths were sourced from Global Burden of Diseases 2021. The quality of each study was assessed using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Scale. Pooled rates and effects of mask-wearing were calculated using random effects models and generalised linear models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 448 studies from 70 countries/regions. During the VRID pandemics/epidemics, global pooled rates for the acceptability of mask-wearing, mask-wearing in public settings and correct mask-wearing were 65.27% (95% CI 60.34% to 70.05%), 74.67% (95% CI 69.17% to 79.8%) and 63.63% (95% CI 59.28% to 67.87%), respectively. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：本研究系统分析了全球和地区佩戴口罩的情况及其对病毒性呼吸道传染病（vrid）发病率和死亡的影响。方法：相关研究来源于PubMed、Web of Science、Embase和Scopus。我们纳入了具有VRID大流行/流行期间佩戴口罩依从性（佩戴口罩的可接受率、在公共场所佩戴口罩的比例和正确佩戴口罩的比例）原始数据的观察性研究。与covid -19相关的发病率和死亡来自《2021年全球疾病负担》。每项研究的质量均采用美国卫生保健研究和质量量表进行评估。使用随机效应模型和广义线性模型计算戴口罩的合并率和影响。结果：我们纳入了来自70个国家/地区的448项研究。在新冠肺炎大流行/流行期间，佩戴口罩、公共场所佩戴口罩和正确佩戴口罩的全球总可接受率分别为65.27% （95% CI 60.34% ~ 70.05%）、74.67% （95% CI 69.17% ~ 79.8%）和63.63% （95% CI 59.28% ~ 67.87%）。慢性病患者/老年人/孕妇的口罩可接受率（42.54%）和正确佩戴率（60.56%）均较低。在一般人群中，公共场所佩戴口罩率（68.2%）和正确佩戴口罩率（57.45%）最低。在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，要求佩戴口罩的国家在公共场所的佩戴率更高（76.10%对58.32%），特别是在控制和卫生措施更严格的地区（β=0.86, p=0.008）。公共场所佩戴口罩可显著降低COVID-19发病率（β=-265.26, p=0.004）和COVID-19死亡人数（β=-2.04, p）。结论：在新冠肺炎大流行/流行期间，佩戴口罩的依从性较低。在大流行期间实施要求戴口罩的政策，可提高戴口罩率，从而可能导致与新冠肺炎相关的发病率和死亡人数大幅减少。试验注册号：CRD42024496464。
Adherence to mask-wearing and its impact on the incidence and deaths of viral respiratory infectious diseases: a systematic review, meta-analysis and modelling study.
Background: This study systematically analysed global and regional adherence to mask-wearing and its impact on the incidence and deaths of viral respiratory infectious diseases (VRIDs).
Methods: Relevant studies were sourced from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus. We included observational studies with available raw data on mask-wearing adherence (rates of acceptability of mask-wearing, mask-wearing in public settings and correct mask-wearing) during VRID pandemics/epidemics. The COVID-19-related incidence and deaths were sourced from Global Burden of Diseases 2021. The quality of each study was assessed using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Scale. Pooled rates and effects of mask-wearing were calculated using random effects models and generalised linear models.
Results: We included 448 studies from 70 countries/regions. During the VRID pandemics/epidemics, global pooled rates for the acceptability of mask-wearing, mask-wearing in public settings and correct mask-wearing were 65.27% (95% CI 60.34% to 70.05%), 74.67% (95% CI 69.17% to 79.8%) and 63.63% (95% CI 59.28% to 67.87%), respectively. In individuals with chronic diseases/elderly/pregnant women, the rates of acceptability (42.54%) and correct mask-wearing (60.56%) were both low. Among the general population, the rates of mask-wearing in public settings (68.2%) and correct mask-wearing (57.45%) were the lowest. During the COVID-19 pandemic, countries with a requirement for mask-wearing exhibited a higher rate in public settings (76.10% vs 58.32%), especially in regions with more stringent containment and health measures (β=0.86, p=0.008). The mask-wearing in public settings has been found to significantly reduce the COVID-19 incidence (β=-265.26, p=0.004), COVID-19 deaths (β=-2.04, p<0.001) and other COVID-19 pandemic-related deaths (β=-0.83, p<0.001).
Conclusion: During the VRID pandemics/epidemics, adherence to mask-wearing was relatively low. Implementing policies requiring mask-wearing during the pandemic could enhance the mask-wearing rate, potentially leading to a significant reduction in VRID-related incidence and deaths.
期刊介绍：
BMJ Global Health is an online Open Access journal from BMJ that focuses on publishing high-quality peer-reviewed content pertinent to individuals engaged in global health, including policy makers, funders, researchers, clinicians, and frontline healthcare workers. The journal encompasses all facets of global health, with a special emphasis on submissions addressing underfunded areas such as non-communicable diseases (NCDs). It welcomes research across all study phases and designs, from study protocols to phase I trials to meta-analyses, including small or specialized studies. The journal also encourages opinionated discussions on controversial topics.
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