Hui Zhang, Meng Hao, Zixin Hu, Shuai Jiang, Yi Li, Xiaofeng Wang, Xiangwei Li
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According to the presence of social components, individuals were categorized into social frailty (≥ 2), pre-social frailty (1), and robust (0), respectively. Cognitive function was annually evaluated through memory, orientation, and executive function tests from 2011 to 2018. Mixed-effects linear models were employed to assess the associations between social frailty and changes in global and domain-specific cognitive function, adjusting for relevant covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 4956 dementia-free older adults (mean age 76.57 [7.41]) with complete at least 2 times of cognitive tests were included. Compared with the robust, social frailty was associated with significantly faster decline in global cognitive function (β = -0.041, 95% CI [-0.047, -0.036] z score per year) and domain-specific cognitive function (β<sub>memory</sub> = -0.045, 95% CI [-0.055, -0.036] z score per year; β<sub>orientation</sub> = -0.027, 95% CI [-0.034, -0.020] z score per year; β<sub>executive</sub> = -0.042, 95% CI [-0.053, -0.032] z score per year) over the follow-up. Additionally, pre social frailty was associated with significantly faster decline in global cognitive function (β = -0.016, 95% CI [-0.021, -0.012] z score per year), memory function (β= -0.045, 95% CI [-0.055, -0.036] z score per year), and orientation function (β= -0.027, 95% CI [-0.034, -0.020] z score per year) over the follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Social frailty is associated with faster decline in cognition in older adults, underscoring the necessity for enhanced social support and engagement to mitigate cognitive deterioration in vulnerable populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7516,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer's Research & Therapy","volume":"17 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11837587/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Social frailty and its association with cognitive trajectories in older adults: a prospective cohort study.\",\"authors\":\"Hui Zhang, Meng Hao, Zixin Hu, Shuai Jiang, Yi Li, Xiaofeng Wang, Xiangwei Li\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s13195-025-01687-w\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Social frailty, a multidimensional construct encompassing various social behaviors, resources, and needs, significantly impacts cognitive health in older adults. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：社会脆弱是一个包含各种社会行为、资源和需求的多维结构，它显著影响老年人的认知健康。尽管已有研究将特定的社会因素与认知功能联系起来，但社会脆弱性与长期认知轨迹之间的关系仍未得到充分探讨。本研究旨在评估无痴呆老年人的社会脆弱性与认知功能轨迹之间的纵向关联。方法：这项前瞻性队列研究使用了国家健康与老龄化趋势研究（NHATS）的数据。社会脆弱性采用Makizako社会脆弱性指数进行评估。根据社会成分的存在程度，将个体分为社会脆弱型（≥2）、前社会脆弱型(1)和稳健型(0)。从2011年到2018年，每年通过记忆、定向和执行功能测试评估认知功能。采用混合效应线性模型来评估社会脆弱性与整体和特定领域认知功能变化之间的关系，并对相关协变量进行调整。结果：本研究纳入4956例无痴呆老年人（平均年龄76.57[7.41]），完成至少2次认知测试。与稳健相比，社会脆弱与整体认知功能（β = -0.041, 95% CI [-0.047, -0.036] z分数/年）和特定领域认知功能（β记忆= -0.045,95% CI [-0.055, -0.036] z分数/年）下降的速度显著更快；β取向= -0.027,95% CI [-0.034, -0.020] z分数/年；β执行= -0.042,95% CI [-0.053, -0.032] z评分（每年）)。此外，在随访期间，前社会脆弱性与整体认知功能（β= -0.016, 95% CI [-0.021, -0.012] z评分每年）、记忆功能（β= -0.045, 95% CI [-0.055, -0.036] z评分每年）和定向功能（β= -0.027, 95% CI [-0.034, -0.020] z评分每年）的显著更快下降有关。结论：社会脆弱与老年人认知能力的快速下降有关，强调了加强社会支持和参与以减轻弱势群体认知能力下降的必要性。
Social frailty and its association with cognitive trajectories in older adults: a prospective cohort study.
Background: Social frailty, a multidimensional construct encompassing various social behaviors, resources, and needs, significantly impacts cognitive health in older adults. Despite existing studies linking specific social factors to cognitive function, the association between social frailty and long-term cognitive trajectories remains underexplored. This study aims to evaluate the longitudinal association between social frailty and trajectory of cognitive function in dementia-free older adults.
Methods: This prospective cohort study used data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS). Social frailty was assessed using the Makizako Social Frailty Index. According to the presence of social components, individuals were categorized into social frailty (≥ 2), pre-social frailty (1), and robust (0), respectively. Cognitive function was annually evaluated through memory, orientation, and executive function tests from 2011 to 2018. Mixed-effects linear models were employed to assess the associations between social frailty and changes in global and domain-specific cognitive function, adjusting for relevant covariates.
Results: In this study, 4956 dementia-free older adults (mean age 76.57 [7.41]) with complete at least 2 times of cognitive tests were included. Compared with the robust, social frailty was associated with significantly faster decline in global cognitive function (β = -0.041, 95% CI [-0.047, -0.036] z score per year) and domain-specific cognitive function (βmemory = -0.045, 95% CI [-0.055, -0.036] z score per year; βorientation = -0.027, 95% CI [-0.034, -0.020] z score per year; βexecutive = -0.042, 95% CI [-0.053, -0.032] z score per year) over the follow-up. Additionally, pre social frailty was associated with significantly faster decline in global cognitive function (β = -0.016, 95% CI [-0.021, -0.012] z score per year), memory function (β= -0.045, 95% CI [-0.055, -0.036] z score per year), and orientation function (β= -0.027, 95% CI [-0.034, -0.020] z score per year) over the follow-up.
Conclusions: Social frailty is associated with faster decline in cognition in older adults, underscoring the necessity for enhanced social support and engagement to mitigate cognitive deterioration in vulnerable populations.
期刊介绍：
Alzheimer's Research & Therapy is an international peer-reviewed journal that focuses on translational research into Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. It publishes open-access basic research, clinical trials, drug discovery and development studies, and epidemiologic studies. The journal also includes reviews, viewpoints, commentaries, debates, and reports. All articles published in Alzheimer's Research & Therapy are included in several reputable databases such as CAS, Current contents, DOAJ, Embase, Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition, MEDLINE, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Citation Index Expanded (Web of Science) and Scopus.
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