Eco-Friendly Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Oxide (α-Fe2O3) Nanoparticles Using Macromolecules from Pomegranate Peel Extract

Due to environmentally benign process and a large research area, the green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles using plant extracts is a possible replacement for conventional physicochemical synthesis methods. In the present investigation, ferric nitrate (Fe(NO₃₎₃.9H₂O) and pomegranate peel extract are used to prepare iron oxide nanoparticles (α-Fe₂O₃ NPs). These prepared particles are then examined using FTIR spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of FTIR reveal distinct peaks in the (450–550 cm⁻¹) range, which are ascribed to the vibration of Fe–O in Fe₂O₃. Prior to this, SEM data demonstrated the shape of iron oxide particles, which has dimensions between 22 and 43 nm and are round and irregular in size.