探索老年人对人工智能驱动的健康技术的看法和接受程度:定性研究。

IF 5 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY
JMIR Aging Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI:10.2196/66778
Arkers Kwan Ching Wong, Jessica Hiu Toon Lee, Yue Zhao, Qi Lu, Shulan Yang, Vivian Chi Ching Hui
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:人工智能(AI)因其提高效率和准确性而越来越多地应用于各种医疗保健服务。随着人口老龄化,基于人工智能的医疗技术可能成为老年人医疗保健的有力工具,以解决日益增长、复杂和具有挑战性的健康需求。本研究旨在调查老年人对使用人工智能主导的医疗技术的看法和接受程度,以及他们在采用这些技术时面临的潜在挑战。这项调查的结果可以为设计更可接受和用户友好的基于人工智能的卫生技术提供信息。目的:本研究的目的是:(1)调查老年人对使用基于人工智能的医疗技术的态度和看法;(2)确定影响老年人对基于人工智能的健康技术偏好的潜在促进因素、障碍和挑战;(3)为能够促进和便利老年人使用基于人工智能的卫生技术的战略提供信息。方法:本研究采用定性描述设计。研究人员从当地社区中心招募了27名居住在社区的老年人。进行了三次半结构化访谈,每次1小时。会议涵盖了五个关键领域:(1)基于人工智能的卫生技术的总体印象;(2)以往使用人工智能卫生技术的经验;(3)对基于人工智能的卫生技术的认知和态度;(4)使用人工智能卫生技术的预期困难及其潜在原因;(5)接受基于人工智能的卫生技术的意愿、偏好和动机。数据分析采用专题分析。理论领域框架和能力、机会、动机和行为(COM-B)模型行为改变轮被整合到分析中。已确定的理论领域直接映射到COM-B模型,以确定相应的策略,以提高老年人对基于人工智能的卫生技术的可接受性。结果:分析确定了14个理论领域框架领域中的9个——知识、技能、社会影响、环境背景和资源、对能力的信念、对后果的信念、意图、目标和情感。这些域被映射到COM-B模型的6个组件。虽然大多数与会者承认基于人工智能的卫生技术的潜在惠益,但他们强调人类专业知识和互动的不可替代作用。与会者对人工智能技术的可用性表示担忧,强调需要用户友好和量身定制的人工智能解决方案。他们还强调,隐私问题和强有力的安全措施的重要性是影响他们是否愿意采用基于人工智能的卫生技术的关键因素。结论:将人工智能作为辅助工具与卫生保健提供者结合起来,而不是将其视为替代品,被强调为促进接受的关键策略。需要政府的支持和明确的指导方针,以促进在卫生保健中合乎道德地实施人工智能。这些措施可以通过鼓励采用人工智能驱动的卫生技术来改善老年人口的健康结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Exploring Older Adults' Perspectives and Acceptance of AI-Driven Health Technologies: Qualitative Study.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being applied in various health care services due to its enhanced efficiency and accuracy. As the population ages, AI-based health technologies could be a potent tool in older adults' health care to address growing, complex, and challenging health needs. This study aimed to investigate perspectives on and acceptability of the use of AI-led health technologies among older adults and the potential challenges that they face in adopting them. The findings from this inquiry could inform the designing of more acceptable and user-friendly AI-based health technologies.

Objective: The objectives of the study were (1) to investigate the attitudes and perceptions of older adults toward the use of AI-based health technologies; (2) to identify potential facilitators, barriers, and challenges influencing older adults' preferences toward AI-based health technologies; and (3) to inform strategies that can promote and facilitate the use of AI-based health technologies among older adults.

Methods: This study adopted a qualitative descriptive design. A total of 27 community-dwelling older adults were recruited from a local community center. Three sessions of semistructured interviews were conducted, each lasting 1 hour. The sessions covered five key areas: (1) general impressions of AI-based health technologies; (2) previous experiences with AI-based health technologies; (3) perceptions and attitudes toward AI-based health technologies; (4) anticipated difficulties in using AI-based health technologies and underlying reasons; and (5) willingness, preferences, and motivations for accepting AI-based health technologies. Thematic analysis was applied for data analysis. The Theoretical Domains Framework and the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior (COM-B) model behavior change wheel were integrated into the analysis. Identified theoretical domains were mapped directly to the COM-B model to determine corresponding strategies for enhancing the acceptability of AI-based health technologies among older adults.

Results: The analysis identified 9 of the 14 Theoretical Domains Framework domains-knowledge, skills, social influences, environmental context and resources, beliefs about capabilities, beliefs about consequences, intentions, goals, and emotion. These domains were mapped to 6 components of the COM-B model. While most participants acknowledged the potential benefits of AI-based health technologies, they emphasized the irreplaceable role of human expertise and interaction. Participants expressed concerns about the usability of AI technologies, highlighting the need for user-friendly and tailored AI solutions. Privacy concerns and the importance of robust security measures were also emphasized as critical factors affecting their willingness to adopt AI-based health technologies.

Conclusions: Integrating AI as a supportive tool alongside health care providers, rather than regarding it as a replacement, was highlighted as a key strategy for promoting acceptance. Government support and clear guidelines are needed to promote ethical AI implementation in health care. These measures can improve health outcomes in the older adult population by encouraging the adoption of AI-driven health technologies.

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来源期刊
JMIR Aging
JMIR Aging Social Sciences-Health (social science)
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
4.10%
发文量
71
审稿时长
12 weeks
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