Visible Relaxor Ferroelectric Ceramics PrxBa0.9–xSr0.1TiO3 via Chemical Pressure-Mediated Phase Separation

The dynamic dielectric tunability and ferroelectric/relaxor ferroelectric phase transition in Pr_xBa_0.9–xSr_0.1TiO₃ (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2) ceramics were demonstrated by ferroelectric hysteresis, temperature-dependent dielectric, and complex impedance spectra. The decorated microstructure and the high-performance output of the photocurrent in the relaxor ferroelectrics are ascribed to the effective internal pressure-induced phase separation by the disordered distribution of Pr dopants and judiciously introduced larger differences in radius. Based on the microstructure evolution and various active energies, the finite element simulations reveal that the photogenerated carriers and penetration depth contribute to the abnormal photovoltaic effect in relaxor ferroelectrics. The verified dynamic photoresponse and highly tunable phase-transition temperature below room temperature provide a viable strategy for designing superior tunable photodielectrics.