酒精销售点供应的社会空间不平等：来自加拿大quacimbec 15个城市地区登记数据的证据

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

International Journal of Drug Policy Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI:10.1016/j.drugpo.2025.104732

Stephanie Sersli , José Arturo Jasso Chávez , Sienna Longo , Philippe Apparicio , Martine Shareck

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引用次数: 0

摘要

酒精的空间供应与公共卫生问题有关，弱势群体受到不成比例的伤害。本研究调查了加拿大quacmebec地区的酒精空间可得性与不利条件和社会人口特征之间的关系。方法利用2015年全国15个省市的白酒登记和人口普查数据进行横断面分析。措施包括800米缓冲区内的出口计数和空间访问指数。多水平回归模型评估了区域水平劣势的综合测量和区域水平社会人口特征的单项测量的相关性。调查结果显示，平均而言，曲海地区的非现场酒精供应高于现场酒精供应。我们发现场外酒精供应与物质劣势之间呈j型关系，最弱势地区的场外销售渠道比最弱势地区多25% （95% CI: 1.14-1.37）。相反，在物质条件最不利的地区，现场可用性低24% （95% CI: 0.67-0.87）。社会劣势与场外和现场网点的可用性相关，社会劣势最高的地区的现场网点数量是最不劣势地区的近15倍（IRR 14.77, 95% CI: 13.05-16.72）。较高的人口密度、较高的年轻人、新移民和新近移居者的比例也与较高的可得性有关。结论不同出口类型和劣势维度对酒精可得性存在差异。在物质高度和物质程度最低的不利地区，场外网点更为常见，而在物质程度最低的不利地区，现场网点更为常见。社会弱势地区这两类网点的可得性较高。这些发现表明，有必要制定有针对性的政策，减少酒类销售渠道的供应，特别是在社会弱势地区。

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Socio-spatial inequalities in alcohol outlet availability: Evidence from register data in 15 urban areas in Québec, Canada

Background

Alcohol spatial availability is linked with public health issues, with disadvantaged populations experiencing disproportionate harm. This study examined the association between alcohol spatial availability and area-level measures of disadvantage and sociodemographic characteristics in Québec, Canada.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using 2021 liquor register and census data across 15 Québec urban areas. Measures included outlet counts within 800 m buffers and a spatial access index. Multilevel regression models assessed associations with composite measures of area-level disadvantage and single-item measures of area-level sociodemographic characteristics.

Findings

On average, Québec areas exhibited higher offsite than onsite alcohol outlet availability. We found a J-shaped relationship between offsite alcohol availability and material disadvantage, with the most disadvantaged areas having 25 % more offsite outlets (95 % CI: 1.14–1.37) than the least disadvantaged. Conversely, onsite availability was 24 % lower (95 % CI: 0.67–0.87) in the most materially disadvantaged areas. Social disadvantage was associated with higher availability of both offsite and onsite outlets, with the highest socially disadvantaged areas having nearly 15 times as many onsite outlets (IRR 14.77, 95 % CI: 13.05–16.72) compared to the least disadvantaged. Higher population density and higher percentages of young adults, new immigrants, and recent movers were also associated with higher availability.

Conclusion

Alcohol availability differed by outlet type and disadvantage dimension. Offsite outlets were more common in both highly and minimally materially disadvantaged areas, while onsite outlets were more common in minimally disadvantaged areas. Socially disadvantaged areas had higher availability of both types of outlets. These findings suggest the need for targeted policies to reduce alcohol outlet availability, particularly in socially disadvantaged areas.

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来源期刊

International Journal of Drug Policy SUBSTANCE ABUSE-

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

11.40%

发文量

307

审稿时长

62 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Drug Policy provides a forum for the dissemination of current research, reviews, debate, and critical analysis on drug use and drug policy in a global context. It seeks to publish material on the social, political, legal, and health contexts of psychoactive substance use, both licit and illicit. The journal is particularly concerned to explore the effects of drug policy and practice on drug-using behaviour and its health and social consequences. It is the policy of the journal to represent a wide range of material on drug-related matters from around the world.