人参总皂苷对后肢悬吊大鼠奖励性操作性条件反射的保护作用

Q3 Medicine

Digital Chinese Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.dcmed.2024.01.005

Dong Lijinchuan , Chen Ying , Hu Qin , Bao Yu , Pan Ruile , Zeng Guirong , Peng Bo , Liu Xinmin , Shi Zhe

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的探讨人参总皂苷（GTSs）对宇航员长期暴露于微重力环境引起的认知功能障碍的治疗作用。方法50只雄性无特定病原体（SPF） Wistar大鼠根据完成奖励定向条件反射任务的时间，随机分为对照组、后肢悬浮液组、石杉碱A组（HLS- hup A 0.1 mg/kg）、低剂量GTSs组（HLS-GTSs 100 mg/kg）和高剂量GTSs组（HLS-GTSs 200 mg/kg）。除对照组大鼠外，其余大鼠均给予HLS和药物治疗（第20 ~ 58天），在奖励条件下进行反射试验，海马进行尼氏体染色和Western blot检测。结果造模后，HLS组大鼠按压杠杆次数减少，完成奖励导向的操作性条件反射任务的时间增加Ⅰ(P <；0.05)，与对照组相比，HLS-GTSs 100和200 mg/kg组无显著变化(P >；0.05)。在奖励导向的操作性条件反射任务Ⅱ中，HLS组大鼠按压杠杆的次数明显减少(P <；0.05)和鼻戳(P <；0.01)，与对照组大鼠比较；HLS-GTSs 100 mg/kg组小鼠压杆和戳鼻次数显著增加(P <；0.05)，而HLS-GTSs 200 mg/kg显示完成时间显著减少，杠杆按压次数增加(P <；0.05)，与HLS组大鼠比较。在视觉信号识别任务中，与对照组大鼠相比，HLS组大鼠的视觉信号识别指标(P <；0.01)，而HLS-GTSs 100、200 mg/kg组有明显升高(P <；0.01)。在奖励消退实验中，HLS大鼠按杠杆次数较对照组显著增加(P <；0.01);与HLS组相比，HLS- gtss 100和200 mg/kg组显著降低(P <；0.05)。HLS组大鼠n -甲基- d -天冬氨酸受体1 （NR1）和磷酸化n -甲基- d -天冬氨酸受体2B （P - nr2b）蛋白的表达明显降低(P <；0.05和P <；0.01)，而NR2B蛋白维持不变(P >；0.05)。GTSs使P - nr2b (P <；0.01)。结论tss通过调节NR1/NR2B磷酸化通路提高大鼠复杂操作的学习记忆能力。

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Protective effects of ginseng total saponins on reward-directed operant conditioning in hindlimb suspension rats

Objective

To explore the therapeutic effects of ginseng total saponins (GTSs) on cognitive impairments in astronauts caused by prolonged exposure to microgravity environment.

Methods

Fifty specific pathogen-free (SPF) male Wistar rats were randomized into control, hindlimb suspension (HLS), Huperzine A (HLS-Hup A 0.1 mg/kg), low-dose GTSs (HLS-GTSs 100 mg/kg), and high-dose GTSs (HLS-GTSs 200 mg/kg) groups, based on the completion time of reward-directed conditioning tasks. Except for rats in the control group, the others were subjected to HLS and treated with drugs (day 20 – 58), received reflex test under the condition of rewarding, and underwent Nissl body staining and Western blot detection on hippocampal.

Results

After modeling, rats in HLS group exhibited a reduction in the number of lever presses and an increase in the completion time of the reward-directed operant conditioning task Ⅰ (P < 0.05) when compared with the control group, which were not substantially altered in the HLS-GTSs 100 and 200 mg/kg groups (P > 0.05). In the reward-directed operant conditioning task Ⅱ, the HLS group rats demonstrated a marked decrease in the number of lever presses (P < 0.05) and nose pokes (P < 0.01) when compared with the control group rats; the HLS-GTSs 100 mg/kg showed a significant increase in the number of lever presses and nose pokes (P < 0.05), while the HLS-GTSs 200 mg/kg demonstrated a significant reduction in completion time and an elevation in the number of lever presses (P < 0.05) when compared with the HLS group rats. In visual signal discrimination task, compared with the control group rats, the HLS group rats showed decrease in the indexes of the visual signal discrimination (P < 0.01), while HLS-GTSs 100 and 200 mg/kg groups exhibited manifest increase in it (P < 0.01). In reward extinction experiment, the number of lever presses in HLS rats significantly increased when compared with the control group (P < 0.01); compared with the HLS group, HLS-GTSs 100 and 200 mg/kg groups demonstrated a marked descrease (P < 0.05). The expressions of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 1 (NR1) and phosophorylated N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 2B (p-NR2B) proteins were markedly decreased in rats in the HLS group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), while that of NR2B protein maintained the same (P > 0.05). GTSs increased the expression levels of p-NR2B (P < 0.01).