{"title":"利用经验数据对伊拉克COVID-19动态进行数学分析","authors":"Wasan I. Khalil, Ayad R. Khudair","doi":"10.1016/j.rico.2025.100528","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the impact and transmission of COVID-19 in Iraq via the development of a mathematical model grounded in the <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>I</mi><msub><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow></msub><mi>R</mi></mrow></math></span> framework. We assess and quantify the biological parameters of the model utilising empirical data. To ascertain the model’s reliability, we examine the existence and uniqueness of a positive solution. Utilising the validated model, we establish an optimal control problem aimed at minimising daily infections via vaccination, employing a cost function. We also present algorithms utilising Pontryagin’s minimum principle, with time-delay modifications, to identify the optimal vaccination strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34733,"journal":{"name":"Results in Control and Optimization","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100528"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Mathematical analysis of COVID-19 dynamics in Iraq utilising empirical data\",\"authors\":\"Wasan I. Khalil, Ayad R. Khudair\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.rico.2025.100528\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>This study examines the impact and transmission of COVID-19 in Iraq via the development of a mathematical model grounded in the <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>I</mi><msub><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow></msub><mi>R</mi></mrow></math></span> framework. We assess and quantify the biological parameters of the model utilising empirical data. To ascertain the model’s reliability, we examine the existence and uniqueness of a positive solution. Utilising the validated model, we establish an optimal control problem aimed at minimising daily infections via vaccination, employing a cost function. We also present algorithms utilising Pontryagin’s minimum principle, with time-delay modifications, to identify the optimal vaccination strategy.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":34733,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Results in Control and Optimization\",\"volume\":\"18 \",\"pages\":\"Article 100528\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-01-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Results in Control and Optimization\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666720725000141\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"Mathematics\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Results in Control and Optimization","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666720725000141","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"Mathematics","Score":null,"Total":0}
Mathematical analysis of COVID-19 dynamics in Iraq utilising empirical data
This study examines the impact and transmission of COVID-19 in Iraq via the development of a mathematical model grounded in the framework. We assess and quantify the biological parameters of the model utilising empirical data. To ascertain the model’s reliability, we examine the existence and uniqueness of a positive solution. Utilising the validated model, we establish an optimal control problem aimed at minimising daily infections via vaccination, employing a cost function. We also present algorithms utilising Pontryagin’s minimum principle, with time-delay modifications, to identify the optimal vaccination strategy.