How to use monoclonal antibody-based therapy in ALL

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) represents a significant challenge in haematology, particularly due to its aggressive nature, high relapse rates in adults and toxicity of treatment. Over the past decade, monoclonal antibody (MoAb)-based therapies have emerged as a promising approach to target specific antigens on leukemic cells, offering higher specificity, reduced toxicity, and improved response rates. This article provides an in-depth examination of the journey from laboratory research to clinical application, discussing mechanisms of action, key MoAbs used in ALL, their clinical applications, current challenges, and potential future directions in antibody-based therapy.