火星水圈:火星上的水的简要概述

IF 11.7 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Brahma Gopalchetty
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引用次数: 0

摘要

了解火星上的水的状况对于评估其支持生命的能力以及作为未来可能的人类探索的资源至关重要。过去曾进行过调查,以寻找过去或现在状态下存在水的迹象。人们普遍认为,火星早期存在大量的水,但今天,只有残余物存在,主要以冰或含水矿物的形式存在。目前火星上存在水的证据包括地质特征、火星陨石、斜坡上零星的湿流、“好奇号”和“凤凰号”等任务探测到的火星表面水分,以及暗示古代湖泊和河流的特征。最近一个引人注目的发现是盖尔陨坑里有一个古老的河床,这表明过去有相当多的水流存在,这可能支持了微生物的生命。如今,正如我们所知,火星干旱的表面不适合生命生存,这使得科学家们把重点放在了地下环境上,以探索生命及其各自的生物特征。最近的努力揭示了美国宇航局在2016年发现的大量地下冰储备,以及意大利研究人员在2018年发现的一个隐藏的冰下湖。迄今为止,火星上是否有生命的问题仍未得到解决。这篇综述汇编了关于火星水历史的各种研究结果,并试图解决关于火星上可能存在生命的讨论。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Martian hydrosphere: A brief overview of water on Mars
Understanding the status of water on Mars is crucial for evaluating its capacity to support life and to serve as a resource for future possible human exploration. Investigations have been carried out in the past to find signs of water in its past or present states. It is generally agreed that Mars had significant amounts of water early in its existence, but today, only remnants exist, mostly as ice or within hydrous minerals. Current evidence of water on Mars includes geological features, Martian meteorites, sporadic wet flows on slopes, surface moisture detected by missions like Curiosity and Phoenix, and features suggesting ancient lakes and rivers. A notable recent discovery was an old streambed in Gale Crater, indicating the presence of considerable water flow in the past, which might have supported microbial life. Nowadays, Mars' arid surface is not suitable for life as we know it, leading scientists to focus on underground environments for the exploration of life and its respective biosignatures. Recent efforts have unveiled substantial underground ice reserves discovered by NASA in 2016 and a hidden subglacial lake identified by Italian researchers in 2018. The question of life on Mars still remains unresolved to date. This overview compiles the findings from diverse studies on Mars' water history and attempts to address the ongoing discussions about the potential for life on the planet.
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来源期刊
New Astronomy Reviews
New Astronomy Reviews 地学天文-天文与天体物理
CiteScore
18.60
自引率
1.70%
发文量
7
审稿时长
11.3 weeks
期刊介绍: New Astronomy Reviews publishes review articles in all fields of astronomy and astrophysics: theoretical, observational and instrumental. This international review journal is written for a broad audience of professional astronomers and astrophysicists. The journal covers solar physics, planetary systems, stellar, galactic and extra-galactic astronomy and astrophysics, as well as cosmology. New Astronomy Reviews is also open for proposals covering interdisciplinary and emerging topics such as astrobiology, astroparticle physics, and astrochemistry.
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