全球护士离职率及离职意向的流行及调节因素：一项荟萃分析

IF 4.2 4区医学 Q1 NURSING

Journal of Nursing Regulation Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/S2155-8256(25)00031-6

Dluha Mafula MSN, RN, Hidayat Arifin MSN, RN, Ruey Chen PhD, RN, Chien-Mei Sung PhD, RN, Chiu-Kuei Lee PhD, RN, Kai-Jo Chiang PhD, RN, Kondwani Joseph Banda PhD, RNM, Kuei-Ru Chou PhD, RN

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：护士的高离职率和离职意愿率加剧了护理短缺，降低了护理质量，并对患者预后产生负面影响。需要更新有关这些影响的现有证据，使其与当前的趋势、法规和政策保持一致，以提高组织能力和护士福祉。目的：评估全球护士离职率和离职意向的流行程度，并评估影响因素。方法：采用CINAHL、Embase、ProQuest、PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science 6个数据库进行meta分析。截至2024年1月发表的研究符合纳入条件。采用广义线性混合模型和随机效应模型对合并患病率进行分析。进行亚组分析以探索差异，并使用i2和Cochran 's Q统计来评估异质性。采用Egger’s检验评估发表偏倚。结果：本meta分析纳入75项研究，涉及3354829名护士。合并离职率为15.2% (95% CI: 12.4%-18.4%)，合并离职意向患病率为38.4% （95% CI: 31.0%-46.4%）。夜班护士的离职率（22.8%）是白班护士（14.7%）的近两倍。夜班护士（61.7%）考虑离职的可能性是白班护士（18.7%）的三倍。全职护士的离职率（76.7%）高于兼职护士（20.4%）。在内科外科护士中，57.7%的人离职，59.7%的人计划离职。结论：七分之一的护士离职，五分之二的护士打算离职。当局应实施法规，改善工作条件，并提供支持系统和职业机会，以减少人员流失。

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Prevalence and Moderating Factors of Turnover Rate and Turnover Intention Among Nurses Worldwide: A Meta-Analysis

Background: High turnover and turnover intention rates among nurses exacerbate nursing shortages, reduce care quality, and negatively impact patient outcomes. Existing evidence on these effects needs to be updated to align with current trends, regulations, and policies to enhance organizational capacity and nurses’ well-being.

Purpose: To estimate the turnover rate and prevalence of turnover intention among nurses worldwide and to evaluate moderating factors.

Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted using six databases: CINAHL, Embase, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies published up to January 2024 were eligible for inclusion. Pooled prevalence was analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model and random effects model. Subgroup analysis was performed to explore variations, and heterogeneity was assessed using I 2 and Cochran’s Q statistics. Publication bias was assessed using Egger’s test.

Results: Seventy-five studies involving 3,354,829 nurses were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled turnover rate was 15.2% (95% CI: 12.4%–18.4%), and the pooled prevalence of turnover intention was 38.4% (95% CI: 31.0%–46.4%). The turnover rate of night shift nurses (22.8%) was nearly double that of day shift nurses (14.7%). Night-shift nurses (61.7%) were three times more likely to consider leaving than day-shift nurses (18.7%). Full-time nurses had a higher turnover rate (76.7%) than part-time nurses (20.4%). Among medical-surgical nurses, 57.7% left, while 59.7% planned to leave.

Conclusions: One in seven nurses leave their positions, and two in five intend to leave. Authorities should implement regulations, improve workplace conditions, and provide support systems and career opportunities to reduce turnover.

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来源期刊

Journal of Nursing Regulation NURSING-

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

12.50%

发文量

审稿时长

54 days

期刊介绍： Journal of Nursing Regulation (JNR), the official journal of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN®), is a quarterly, peer-reviewed, academic and professional journal. It publishes scholarly articles that advance the science of nursing regulation, promote the mission and vision of NCSBN, and enhance communication and collaboration among nurse regulators, educators, practitioners, and the scientific community. The journal supports evidence-based regulation, addresses issues related to patient safety, and highlights current nursing regulatory issues, programs, and projects in both the United States and the international community. In publishing JNR, NCSBN''s goal is to develop and share knowledge related to nursing and other healthcare regulation across continents and to promote a greater awareness of regulatory issues among all nurses.