氧化锌纳米颗粒与磷对小麦的交互作用在受盐影响的土壤条件下生长

IF 2.6 3区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI:10.1002/jpln.202400136

Misbah Abbas, Ghulam Murtaza, Gary Owens, Muhammad Moaz Khursheed, Tajammal Hussain

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的研究在盐碱化土壤条件下，叶面施用氧化锌纳米颗粒（nZnO）促进小麦生长和减轻锌磷负相互作用增加的锌（Zn）缺乏胁迫的潜力。方法采用钢丝室试验方法，研究了锌与植株所需磷（PRP）（200 mg P kg−1）的相互作用。处理分别为：不施nZnO和不施P（对照）、不施nZnO和不施PRP、以nZnO为底料的种子加PRP、叶片施nZnO和PRP、土壤施nZnO和PRP、叶片施nZnO和土壤施nZnO，分别为C、PRP、种子施nZnO+P、叶片施nZnO+P、施肥施nZnO+P、土壤施nZnO+P和叶片施nZnO+P。除叶片-土壤- nzno +P处理外，每个处理均使用100 mg L−1 Zn，叶片施用时使用50 mg L−1 Zn溶液，土壤施用50 mg kg−1 Zn。试验前测定土壤化学参数（ph、ECe、钠吸附比[SAR]、有机质、土壤Zn和速效磷）。结果施氮方式影响了锌-磷相互作用，影响了小麦土壤、根、茎和籽粒最终Zn和P含量。叶片-土壤- nzno +P对土壤的响应最佳，P浓度为11.8 mg kg - 1， Zn浓度为6.93 mg kg - 1。叶片-土壤- nzno +P组合施用时，根、茎和籽粒中磷含量最高（分别为3.1、3.0和2.8 g kg - 1），根、茎和籽粒中锌含量最高（分别为0.067、0.055和0.030 g kg - 1）。与对照相比，叶片-土壤- nzno +P处理每盆粒重增加96%。与对照相比，施用叶片-土壤- nzno +P可显著提高水稻株高（57%）、穗长（44%）、地上部干重（3.42倍）、膜稳定性指数（99%）、相对含水量（39%）、SPAD值（35%）、光合速率（5.56倍）和蒸腾速率（77%）。结论叶面和土壤中施用nZnO与PRP的负相互作用最小，且小麦籽粒锌浓度和产量最佳。这些最佳结果归因于叶片施用Zn的气孔渗透速度快，土壤施用nZnO的反应时间最短，从而最大限度地减少了Zn - p复合体的形成。建议在受盐影响的土壤中施用锌时，应采用叶面和土壤联合施用，以尽量减少锌-磷负相互作用。

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Interactive Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Phosphorus on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grown Under Salt-Affected Soil Conditions

Aim

The current study aimed to assess the potential of foliar-applied zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) in improving wheat growth and mitigating the zinc (Zn) deficiency stress that is increased by the negative interaction between Zn and phosphorus (P) under saline–sodic soil conditions.

Methods

A wire house trial was conducted to produce Zn-enriched wheat grains following exposure to nZnO and to examine the interaction of applied Zn with the plant-required P (PRP) (200 mg P kg⁻¹). The treatments were: no nZnO and no P (control), no nZnO with PRP, nZnO-primed seed with PRP, foliar application of nZnO with PRP, fertigation of nZnO with PRP, soil application of nZnO with PRP, and foliar and soil application of nZnO with PRP, designated as C, PRP, Seed-nZnO+P, Foliar-nZnO+P, Fertigation-nZnO+P, Soil-nZnO+P, and Foliar-Soil-nZnO+P, respectively. For each treatment, 100 mg L⁻¹ Zn was used, except for Foliar-Soil-nZnO+P, for which 50 mg L⁻¹ Zn solution was used during foliar application, and 50 mg kg⁻¹ Zn was applied to the soil. Soil chemical parameters (pH_s, EC_e, sodium adsorption ratio [SAR], organic matter, soil Zn, and available P) were determined before the trial.

Results

The method of nZnO application influenced Zn–P interactions and affected the final Zn and P contents in soil, root, shoot, and grain of wheat. Foliar-Soil-nZnO+P showed optimum response compared to other amendments, having 11.8 mg kg⁻¹ P and 6.93 mg kg⁻¹ Zn concentration in soil. The maximum P concentration in root, shoot, and grain (3.1, 3.0, and 2.8 g kg⁻¹, respectively) and maximum Zn concentration in root, shoot, and grain (0.067, 0.055, and 0.030 g kg⁻¹, respectively) were found where Foliar-Soil-nZnO+P used in combination. Similarly, a 96% increase in grain weight pers pot was observed in Foliar-Soil-nZnO+P when compared with control. The application of Foliar-Soil-nZnO+P showed improved plant height (57%), spike length (44%), shoot dry weight (3.42 times), membrane stability index (99%), relative water content (39%), SPAD value (35%), photosynthetic rate (5.56 times), and transpiration rate (77%) compared with control.

Conclusion

Foliar and soil application of nZnO along with the PRP dose resulted in the least negative Zn–P interaction and optimal Zn concentrations in wheat grain and yield. These optimal results were attributed to rapid stomatal penetration of Zn via foliar application and minimum reaction time of soil-applied nZnO, which minimized Zn–P complex formation. It is recommended that for Zn fertilization in salt-affected soil, a combined foliar and soil application should be done to minimize negative Zn-P interactions.

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来源期刊

Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

8.00%

发文量

审稿时长

8-16 weeks

期刊介绍： Established in 1922, the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (JPNSS) is an international peer-reviewed journal devoted to cover the entire spectrum of plant nutrition and soil science from different scale units, e.g. agroecosystem to natural systems. With its wide scope and focus on soil-plant interactions, JPNSS is one of the leading journals on this topic. Articles in JPNSS include reviews, high-standard original papers, and short communications and represent challenging research of international significance. The Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science is one of the world’s oldest journals. You can trust in a peer-reviewed journal that has been established in the plant and soil science community for almost 100 years. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (ISSN 1436-8730) is published in six volumes per year, by the German Societies of Plant Nutrition (DGP) and Soil Science (DBG). Furthermore, the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (JPNSS) is a Cooperating Journal of the International Union of Soil Science (IUSS). The journal is produced by Wiley-VCH. Topical Divisions of the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science that are receiving increasing attention are: JPNSS – Topical Divisions Special timely focus in interdisciplinarity: - sustainability & critical zone science. Soil-Plant Interactions: - rhizosphere science & soil ecology - pollutant cycling & plant-soil protection - land use & climate change. Soil Science: - soil chemistry & soil physics - soil biology & biogeochemistry - soil genesis & mineralogy. Plant Nutrition: - plant nutritional physiology - nutrient dynamics & soil fertility - ecophysiological aspects of plant nutrition.