Improving LSH via tensorized random projection

Locality-sensitive hashing (LSH) is a fundamental algorithmic toolkit used by data scientists for approximate nearest neighbour search problems that have been used extensively in many large-scale data processing applications such as near-duplicate detection, nearest-neighbour search, clustering, etc. In this work, we aim to propose faster and space-efficient locality-sensitive hash functions for Euclidean distance and cosine similarity for tensor data. Typically, the naive approach for obtaining LSH for tensor data involves first reshaping the tensor into vectors, followed by applying existing LSH methods for vector data. However, this approach becomes impractical for higher-order tensors because the size of the reshaped vector becomes exponential in the order of the tensor. Consequently, the size of LSH’s parameters increases exponentially. To address this problem, we suggest two methods for LSH for Euclidean distance and cosine similarity, namely CP-E2LSH, TT-E2LSH, and CP-SRP, TT-SRP, respectively, building on CP and tensor train (TT) decompositions techniques. Our approaches are space-efficient and can be efficiently applied to low-rank CP or TT tensors. We provide a rigorous theoretical analysis of our proposal on their correctness and efficacy.