Chimera states in a globally coupled bipartite network with higher-order interaction

We show the emergence of two distinct stable chimeras and two distinct breathing chimeras in a globally coupled phase oscillators on a bipartite network due to the interplay between the higher-order interaction and the phase lag parameter. We also show that the bipartite network exhibits extreme multistable states and a wide variety of phase transitions among the observed dynamical states. We find that a delicate balance between the higher-order interaction and the phase lag parameter favors asymmetric inhomogeneous dynamical states, while that between the pairwise interaction and the phase lag parameter favors symmetric homogeneous synchronized state in a large region of the parameter space. In addition, a large degree of heterogeneity also found to favor homogeneous synchronized state. We also deduce the low-dimensional evolution equations corresponding to the macroscopic order parameters from the original discrete system of coupled phase oscillators on the bipartite network using the Ott–Antonsen framework. Further, we analytically derive the stability conditions for the in-phase, and out-of-phase synchronized states including desynchronized state from the evolution equations for the macroscopic order parameters.