Analysis of Model Free Predictors for Interface Signal Delay Compensation in Real-Time Cosimulation

Real-time cosimulation of geographically dispersed laboratories enables extensive system simulations but faces significant challenges from communication delays, impacting accuracy and stability. This issue is crucial in real-time power system cosimulation, where delays can disrupt synchronism and hinder dynamic analyses. This article proposes model-free predictive delay compensation methods as viable alternative signal transformation-based methods. This study explores the frequency domain stability of a model-free framework for delay prediction and compensation at power system interfaces using the ideal transformer method as interface algorithm. Similarly, time-domain implementation reveals signal amplitude magnification, addressed by introducing a delay- and frequency-dependent normalizing factor. This framework adapts interface coupling signals, enabling real-time parameter tuning without complex processing or system models, enhancing co-simulation accuracy and stability for distributed power system analyses.