人体关节的真正旋转能力——肌肉和重力扭矩,并将脚作为平台。

IF 0.8
Acta of bioengineering and biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-01-27 Print Date: 2024-09-01 DOI:10.37190/abb-02462-2024-04
Jacek Dygut, Monika Piwowar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:目的是回答作用在人体上的力矩之间的关系,小腿三头肌如何平衡倾斜身体的重量,以及脚在倾斜身体中的作用。方法:建立两种研究模型。模型1 -单侧杠杆系统由一个带旋转轴的扁杆组成,用于确定其上给定点的重量和扭矩。模型2 -双面杠杆系统由模仿跟腱抵消的倾斜身体的扁杆和模仿脚的平台组成。重心的确定没有考虑到“脚”。结果:当人体重心倾斜时,足部不参与身体其他部分的倾斜,因为它是在上踝关节的旋转轴上倾斜,而不是在足的足底侧倾斜。重力点离旋转轴越远,重量越小,但重力力矩是相同的。当用单侧支撑(从蹲姿起身)举起重物时,表面上的重量减轻是重力力矩和抵消重力力矩的实际减少。结论:在分析人体生物力学时,关注真实的旋转力(不仅仅是肌肉和重力的力量)是必要的(肌肉力矩平衡重力力矩)。这项研究可能有助于开发有效的康复方法、外科手术和运动训练。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The real rotational capacity of the human joints - the muscular and gravitational torques and the foot as a platform.

Purpose: The purpose was to answer what is the relationship between torques acting on the human body, how does the triceps calf muscle balance the weight of a tilted body and what is the foot's role in the titling body? Methods: Two research models were developed. Model 1 - the one-sided lever system consists of a flat bar with, an axis of rotation, used to determine the weight and torque at a given point on it. Model 2 - the two-sided lever system consists of a flat bar imitating a tilted body counteracted by the Achilles tendon, and a platform imitating a foot. The centre of gravity was determined without considering "the foot". Results: When the centre of gravity of the human body tilts, the foot does not participate in the tilt of the rest of the body, because it tilts on the axis of rotation of the upper ankle joint, and not on the plantar side of the foot. The further the point of gravity is from the axis of rotation, the smaller the weight, but the moments of gravity are the same. The apparent weight loss when lifting it with one-sided support (getting up from a squatting position) is a real decrease in the gravitational moment and the lifting moment counteracting it. Conclusions: When analysing human biomechanics, focusing on real rotational force (not only the forces of muscle and gravity) is necessary (muscle moments balancing gravitational moments). The research may help develop effective rehabilitation methods, surgical procedures and sports training.

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