呼吸道病原体疫苗设计的最新技术和新兴技术。

IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
Matteo Ridelfi, Giulio Pierleoni, Vittoria Zucconi Galli Fonseca, Giampiero Batani, Rino Rappuoli, Claudia Sala
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在这篇综述中,我们介绍了迄今为止在七种主要呼吸道病原体:流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2)、百日咳博德氏菌、肺炎链球菌(肺炎球菌)、结核分枝杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌引起的感染的有效预防方案方面所做的努力。最近的2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)危机推动的进展主要集中在病毒方面,但也需要针对细菌病原体的有效预防性解决方案,特别是考虑到抗微生物药物耐药性(AMR)现象。在这里,我们讨论了可以帮助解决这一关键需求的各种创新关键技术,例如(a)开发肺芯片离体模型,以更好地了解发病过程和宿主-微生物相互作用;(b)对作为抵御病原体第一道防线的粘膜免疫背后的机制进行更彻底的研究;(c)确定保护相关因素(cop),结合反向疫苗学2.0方法,可以推动更合理和更有针对性的疫苗设计。通过重点关注这些关键领域,我们期望在开发针对呼吸道细菌病原体的新疫苗方面取得重大进展,从而在日益令人担忧的抗生素耐药性出现的框架内加强全球健康保护。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
State of the Art and Emerging Technologies in Vaccine Design for Respiratory Pathogens.

In this review, we present the efforts made so far in developing effective solutions to prevent infections caused by seven major respiratory pathogens: influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Bordetella pertussis, Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Advancements driven by the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis have largely focused on viruses, but effective prophylactic solutions for bacterial pathogens are also needed, especially in light of the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenomenon. Here, we discuss various innovative key technologies that can help address this critical need, such as (a) the development of Lung-on-Chip ex vivo models to gain a better understanding of the pathogenesis process and the host-microbe interactions; (b) a more thorough investigation of the mechanisms behind mucosal immunity as the first line of defense against pathogens; (c) the identification of correlates of protection (CoPs) which, in conjunction with the Reverse Vaccinology 2.0 approach, can push a more rational and targeted design of vaccines. By focusing on these critical areas, we expect substantial progress in the development of new vaccines against respiratory bacterial pathogens, thereby enhancing global health protection in the framework of the increasingly concerning AMR emergence.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
87
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The journal focuses on new diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, laboratory studies, genetic breakthroughs, pathology, clinical features and management as related to such areas as asthma and other lung diseases, critical care management, cystic fibrosis, lung and heart transplantation, pulmonary pathogens, and pleural disease as well as many other related disorders.The journal focuses on new diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, laboratory studies, genetic breakthroughs, pathology, clinical features and management as related to such areas as asthma and other lung diseases, critical care management, cystic fibrosis, lung and heart transplantation, pulmonary pathogens, and pleural disease as well as many other related disorders.
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