牙科抗生素处方趋势:使用日本国家数据库的描述性研究。

Kaho Hirayama, Naoki Kanda, Hideki Hashimoto, Hiromasa Yoshimoto, Kazuo Goda, Naohiro Mitsutake, Shuji Hatakeyama
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:抗生素处方趋势在牙科在日本仍未充分探讨。本研究旨在描述这些趋势,并评估2016年启动的国家抗菌药物管理计划的影响。方法:利用日本2015财年至2020财年国家行政索赔数据库,对牙医抗生素处方趋势进行综合分析。处方率按每年每1000名居民计算,并按2015财年全国人口进行标准化。使用泊松回归分析评估处方率的变化。结果:2020财年,抗生素处方总数为134.4 / 1000人/年,6年间下降了6%(95%置信区间为6%-6%)。第三代头孢菌素占2020财年牙科抗生素处方的52.3%,但比例略有下降。医院第三代头孢菌素处方从2015年的64.9%下降到2020年的20.3%,被青霉素取代(从15.0%下降到64.0%)。然而,在临床上,变化幅度较小(第三代头孢菌素,60.5%-53.1%;青霉素、10.2% - -22.2%)。结论:第三代头孢菌素继续主导牙科抗生素处方。青霉素使用的增加在医院比在诊所更为明显。加强抗微生物药物管理至关重要,特别是在提供大多数牙科保健的诊所。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Antibiotic Prescription Trends in Dentistry: A Descriptive Study Using Japan's National Database.

Objectives: Antibiotic prescription trends in dentistry in Japan remain underexplored. This study aimed to describe these trends and evaluate the impact of the national antimicrobial stewardship program launched in 2016.

Methods: Using Japan's national administrative claims database from fiscal year (FY) 2015 to FY 2020, this cross-sectional study comprehensively analyzed trends in antibiotic prescription by dentists. Prescription rates were computed per 1000 inhabitants yearly and standardized to the FY 2015 national population. Changes in prescription rates were evaluated using Poisson regression analysis.

Results: In FY 2020, the total number of antibiotic prescriptions was 134.4 per 1000 inhabitants per year, showing a 6% decline over the 6-year period (95% confidence interval, 6%-6%). Third-generation cephalosporins constituted 52.3% of dental antibiotic prescriptions in FY 2020, though the proportion had slightly decreased. In hospitals, prescriptions of third-generation cephalosporins decreased from 64.9% in 2015 to 20.3% in 2020, being replaced by penicillin (from 15.0% to 64.0%). However, in clinics, the magnitude of the change was small (third-generation cephalosporins, 60.5%-53.1%; penicillin, 10.2%-22.2%).

Conclusions: Third-generation cephalosporins continue to dominate dental antibiotic prescriptions. The increase in penicillin use was much more pronounced in hospitals than in clinics. Strengthening antimicrobial stewardship, particularly in clinics where the majority of dental care is provided, is crucial.

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