粉状物料中抑尘剂的渗透规律及加强应用研究。

IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
Chen Tian, Jingfu Niu, Junpeng Zhu, Jiangshi Zhang, Xinyang Chen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

露天矿粉尘排放对环境安全和人类健康构成重大威胁。目前,煤矿开采中使用的抑尘剂的范围是有限的,往往不能说明它们在不同库存中的适用性。这种疏忽导致应用后渗透性差,导致结壳形成不足和耐久性降低。为了探索不同库存抑尘剂溶液的渗透性,开发更广泛的抑尘剂,进行了数值模拟,分析了液体性质对渗透速率的影响。结果表明,液体表面张力的增加促进了渗透,而固液接触角和液体粘度的增加则抑制了渗透。在这些发现的基础上,进行了实验工作,使用具有强附着力和低粘度的水性聚氨酯,结合黄原胶和聚乙二醇,以优化抑尘剂配方。最佳粘结剂配方为:1.5%水性聚氨酯、0.2%黄原胶、1%聚乙二醇。入渗实验表明,抑尘剂溶液在岩石和煤尘中的入渗模式不同。确定了表面活性剂的适宜用量。研究表明,表面活性剂提高了润湿性,显著降低了溶液的表面张力。对于亲水岩粉,适量添加表面活性剂可提高渗透率,而过量则会破坏毛细力。相反,对于疏水性煤尘,润湿性支配着渗透,表面活性剂增强了这一特性。在此基础上,制定了适用于岩石粉尘和煤尘的抑尘溶液。通过测试抗风蚀性、结皮强度和抗水蚀性,这些配方表现出了优异的渗透性、固结效果和抗水性。本研究的意义在于全面探索不同颗粒介质中抑尘剂的抑尘效果及渗透性能的影响因素,为工业和环境管理提供重要指导。随着工业化进程的加快,粉尘的产生对环境和人类健康都构成了严重威胁,开发有效的抑尘剂变得越来越重要。本研究通过数值模拟和实验研究揭示了不同溶液性质对渗透性能的影响,特别强调了一种新型水性聚氨酯粘合剂的应用,该粘合剂具有很强的粘合性能和低粘度。通过正交试验对粘结剂组成进行优化,确定了适合岩石和煤尘的最佳表面活性剂浓度,从而提高了抑制剂的穿透和结合能力。这一发现不仅提高了抑尘剂的性能,也为实际应用提供了科学依据,有效降低粉尘分散,改善空气质量,保护生态环境。通过抗风蚀试验、结皮强度试验和水蚀试验,验证了所研制的抑制剂的有效性和耐久性。本研究为矿山、建筑及相关行业的扬尘治理提供了切实可行的解决方案,同时也为环境保护政策制定者提供了可靠的科学支持。综上所述,本研究不仅具有重要的学术价值,而且对实际应用中的粉尘控制和环境保护具有可操作的指导意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Research on the infiltration law and enhancing application of dust suppressants in powder materials.

Dust emissions from open-pit mining pose a significant threat to environmental safety and human health. Currently, the range of dust suppressants used in coal mining is limited, often failing to account for their suitability across various stockpiles. This oversight results in poor infiltration after application, leading to insufficient crust formation and reduced durability. To explore the permeability of dust suppressant solutions in different stockpiles and develop a broader range of suppressants, numerical simulations were conducted to analyze the effects of liquid properties on infiltration rates. The results showed that increased liquid surface tension promotes infiltration, whereas higher solid-liquid contact angles and liquid viscosity inhibit it. Building on these findings, experimental work was undertaken using a water-based polyurethane with strong adhesion and low viscosity, combined with xanthan gum and polyethylene glycol, to optimize the dust suppressant formulation. The optimal binder formulation was found to contain 1.5% water-based polyurethane, 0.2% xanthan gum, and 1% polyethylene glycol. Infiltration experiments revealed distinct infiltration patterns for the dust suppressant solution in both rock and coal dust. The appropriate dosage of surfactants was also determined. The study indicated that surfactants enhance wettability and significantly reduce the solution's surface tension. For hydrophilic rock dust, moderate surfactant addition improves permeability, while excessive amounts disrupt capillary forces. In contrast, for hydrophobic coal dust, wettability governs infiltration, with surfactants enhancing this property. Based on these findings, dust suppressant solutions suitable for both rock and coal dust were formulated. The formulations demonstrated excellent permeability, consolidation effects, and water resistance, as validated by tests measuring wind erosion resistance, crust strength, and water erosion resistance.Implications: This research examines the efficacy of dust suppressants in various particulate media and the factors influencing penetration performance, offering key insights for industrial and environmental management. As industrialization accelerates, dust generation poses serious risks to health and the environment, highlighting the urgent need for effective suppressants. The study emphasizes a novel aqueous polyurethane binder with strong adhesion and low viscosity.

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来源期刊
Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association
Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL-ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
3.70%
发文量
95
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (J&AWMA) is one of the oldest continuously published, peer-reviewed, technical environmental journals in the world. First published in 1951 under the name Air Repair, J&AWMA is intended to serve those occupationally involved in air pollution control and waste management through the publication of timely and reliable information.
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