面部扫描与虚拟患者表征工作流程的准确性。

IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE
Khaled Q Al Hamad, Jad Q Ayyad, Bashar A Al-Rashdan, Firas A Al Quran
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:探讨面部扫描和虚拟患者表征(VPR)的可行性和准确性。材料和方法:招募1名参与者并获得知情同意。使用定制的口腔内扫描体(ISB)进行30次VPR。将13个粘附标记添加到面部作为口腔外扫描体(ESB)。每个VPR使用红外激光辅助传感器(结构传感器;Occipital Inc)安装在电脑平板电脑上(iPad Pro;苹果公司),包括一个有坐式ISB和一个没有ISB。使用口腔内扫描仪(Omnicam;Dentsply Sirona)有或没有ISB。所有文件都导入到牙科软件程序(exocad;exocad GmbH)和VPR通过使用ISB和ESB作为公共对齐元素对面部和IOS扫描进行对齐而获得。选择5个基准面部标志,4个口腔内标志和6个口腔周围标志进行测量。总共32个线性测量,包括14个面部(面部扫描精度)和18个面部-牙齿(VPR精度),代表整个面部,下面部和口腔周围区域,直接使用数字卡尺(FINO数字卡尺;FINO GmbH),实际上是在VPR上。用虚拟测量值和直接测量值之间的平均绝对差(MAD)来评价准确性,标准偏差代表精度。采用统计软件包(IBM SPSS Statistics v25;IBM Corp), α = 0.05。采用Shapiro-Wilk检验、单样本t检验(或Wilcoxon符号秩检验)、技术测量误差(TEM)和相对误差幅度(REM)对数据进行正态性分析。结果:面部扫描的正确率分别为2.04、1.66、0.8,正确率分别为1.05、0.92、0.91。VPR的正确率高于面部扫描,正确率分别为3.32、2.40、1.21,正确率分别为2.2、1.47、1.2。瞬变电磁法(TEM)和快速眼动电磁法(REM)在口腔周围区域均最低,随测量距离的增加而升高。结论:人脸扫描误差随距离和细节的增加而增加。由于在对准过程中增加了误差,VPR精度低于人脸扫描精度。研究的VPR工作流程在治疗计划和微笑设计中是可行的。然而,对于要求更高的假肢制造目的来说,它是不可靠的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Trueness and precision of facial scan and virtual patient representation workflow.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility and accuracy (trueness and precision) of facial scanning and virtual patient representation (VPR).

Materials and methods: One participant was recruited and informed consent was obtained. VPR was performed 30 times with a custom fabricated intraoral scan body (ISB). Thirteen adhesive markers were added to the face as an extraoral scan body (ESB). Two facial scans were obtained for each VPR using an infra-red laser accessory sensor (Structure sensor; Occipital Inc) mounted on a computer tablet (iPad Pro; Apple Inc), including one with seated ISB and one without ISB. Two maxillary intraoral scans were obtained using an intraoral scanner (Omnicam; Dentsply Sirona) with and without the ISB. All files were imported to a dental software program (exocad; exocad GmbH) and VPR was obtained by aligning the facial and IOS scans using the ISB and ESB as common elements for alignment. Five fiducial face landmarks, four intraoral dental landmarks, and six perioral landmarks were selected for measurements. A total of 32 linear measurements, including 14 face-face (for facial scan accuracy) and 18 face-dental (for VPR accuracy) representing total face, lower face, and perioral regions, were performed directly using a digital caliper (FINO Digital Caliper; FINO GmbH) and virtually on the VPR. Trueness was evaluated by mean absolute difference (MAD) between the virtual and direct measurements, and the standard deviation represented Precision. Statistical analyses were performed with a statistical software package (IBM SPSS Statistics v25; IBM Corp), with α = 0.05. Data were analyzed for normality with Shapiro-Wilk test, and 1-sample t- (or Wilcoxon signed rank test), technical error of measurement (TEM), and relative error magnitude (REM).

Results: The facial scan had 2.04, 1.66, 0.8 trueness, and 1.05, 0.92, 0.91 precision for total, lower face, and perioral regions. VPR had higher MAD (lower trueness) than facial scan, including 3.32, 2.40, 1.21 trueness and 2.2, 1.47, 1.2 precision for total, lower face, and perioral regions. Both TEM and REM were lowest for the perioral region and increased with increasing measurement distance.

Conclusion: Error in face scanning increased with increased distance and intricate details. VPR accuracy was lower than face scan accuracy because of added errors in the alignment process. The investigated VPR workflow might be feasible for treatment planning and smile design. However, it would be unreliable for more demanding prostheses manufacturing purposes.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
15.00%
发文量
171
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Prosthodontics promotes the advanced study and practice of prosthodontics, implant, esthetic, and reconstructive dentistry. It is the official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists, the American Dental Association-recognized voice of the Specialty of Prosthodontics. The journal publishes evidence-based original scientific articles presenting information that is relevant and useful to prosthodontists. Additionally, it publishes reports of innovative techniques, new instructional methodologies, and instructive clinical reports with an interdisciplinary flair. The journal is particularly focused on promoting the study and use of cutting-edge technology and positioning prosthodontists as the early-adopters of new technology in the dental community.
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