Divya Rayapati, Katherine A McGlynn, John D Groopman, Amy K Kim
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Environmental exposures and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma.
The global epidemiology of HCC is shifting due to changes in both established and emerging risk factors. This transformation is marked by an emerging prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and type 2 diabetes, alongside traditional risks such as viral hepatitis (HBV and HCV), and exposure to chemical agents like aflatoxin, alcohol, tobacco, and air pollution. This review examines how environmental exposures and evolving liver pathology, exacerbated by lifestyle and metabolic conditions, are contributing to the rising worldwide incidence of HCC. Effective prevention strategies must not only address traditional risk factors through vaccination and therapeutic measures but also confront metabolic and socioeconomic disparities through comprehensive public health efforts. As the burden of liver cancer continues to grow, particularly in resource-limited settings, an expansive and inclusive approach is vital for mitigating its impact across diverse populations.
期刊介绍：
Hepatology Communications is a peer-reviewed, online-only, open access journal for fast dissemination of high quality basic, translational, and clinical research in hepatology. Hepatology Communications maintains high standard and rigorous peer review. Because of its open access nature, authors retain the copyright to their works, all articles are immediately available and free to read and share, and it is fully compliant with funder and institutional mandates. The journal is committed to fast publication and author satisfaction.
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