NF1 的缺失加速了葡萄膜和皮内黑色素瘤的形成，致癌基因 GNAQ 改变了许旺细胞。

IF 2 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Cancer research communications Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1158/2767-9764.CRC-24-0386

Anne Nathalie Longakit, Oscar Urtatiz, Amy Luty, Christina Zhang, Chloe Hess, Alyssa Yoo, Hannah Bourget, Catherine D Van Raamsdonk

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引用次数: 0

摘要

NF1 编码多功能肿瘤抑制蛋白--神经纤维瘤蛋白，它因在 1 型神经纤维瘤病中的致病作用和调节 MAPK 信号转导而最为人熟知。神经纤维瘤蛋白以特定的方式参与各种致瘤过程，包括黑色素细胞的致瘤过程。本研究调查了 NF1 缺失是否会与致癌基因 GNAQ 协作促进真皮层或眼部的黑色素瘤，因为在真皮层或眼部，G alpha q 通路几乎总是被激活。我们发现，包括NF1基因座在内的杂合性17q11.2缺失是文献中描述的人类真皮内黑色素瘤和葡萄膜黑色素瘤中经常出现的现象。我们研究了使用Plp1-creERT转基因在黑色素细胞和周围神经许旺细胞中表达致癌基因GNAQ-Q209L的小鼠中Nf1单倍体缺失对5周龄小鼠使用他莫昔芬的影响。Nf1单倍体缺陷会加速黑色素瘤的形成和/或生长。RNAseq分析发现了与cAMP信号转导和肌生成相关的重要通路。此外，20%的差异表达基因与人类葡萄膜黑色素瘤预后相关的基因同源。意想不到的是，我们发现 GNAQ-Q209L 本身就足以驱动皮神经鞘瘤的发生，其中一只表达 GNAQ-Q209L 的 Nf1 单倍表达不足的小鼠还发生了丛状变异。这些肿瘤与神经纤维瘤非常相似。我们搜索了 cBioPortal 癌症基因组学数据库，发现丛状神经纤维瘤具有 GNAQ T96S 热点突变。Plp1-creERT;GNAQ-Q209L模型与他莫昔芬在5周内的作用可作为神经纤维瘤的临床前模型。我们的研究强调了 GNAQ 和 NF1 在调节真皮样环境中神经嵴衍生细胞方面的重要性。

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Loss of NF1 Accelerates Uveal and Intradermal Melanoma Tumorigenesis, and Oncogenic GNAQ Transforms Schwann Cells.

Significance: These results indicate that NF1 loss in intradermal and uveal melanomas is a potentially significant finding. They emphasize the importance of neurofibromin in cAMP signaling. They show for the first time that oncogenic GNAQ can transform Schwann cells in mice. The Plp1-creERT transgene with tamoxifen given at 5 weeks may be a particularly good strategy for modeling cutaneous neurofibroma and plexiform neurofibroma.

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Cancer research communications

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