Editorial: Precision Medicine in Spinal Oncology.

This special focus issue from the 2023-2024 AOSpine Knowledge Forum Tumor represents a culmination of years of experience devoted to advancing the care of patients with both metastatic and primary spinal tumors. We have learned much since the fundamental assessments of instability that led to the Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS), the grading of epidural disease utilizing the Epidural Spinal Cord Compression Scale (aka Bilsky grade), as well as the development of tumor-specific health related quality of life assessments such as the Spine Oncology Study Group Outcome Questionnaire (SOSGOQ). These tools have enabled us to make several prior recommendations for the appropriate use of advanced surgical techniques such as en bloc resection and the use of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to optimize patient care.