{"title":"与三维广义sasaki空间形式相关的不同孤子","authors":"Arpan Sardar, Avijit Sarkar","doi":"10.1007/s13370-024-01233-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present paper we characterize 3-dimensional generalized Sasakian-space-forms admitting some solitons such as Einstein solitons, <span>\\(\\eta \\)</span>-Einstein solitons,<span>\\(\\eta \\)</span>-Ricci solitons, gradient <span>\\(\\eta \\)</span>-Ricci solitons and <span>\\(\\eta \\)</span>-Yamabe solitons. First we show that an Einstein soliton on a 3-dimensional generalized Sasakian-space-form <span>\\(M(f_1,f_2,f_3)\\)</span> becomes a Ricci soliton and the soliton is shrinking, steady and expanding according as <span>\\((f_1 - f_3) < 0, = 0\\)</span> and <span>\\(> 0\\)</span>, respectively, where <span>\\(f_1\\)</span>, <span>\\(f_2\\)</span> and <span>\\(f_3\\)</span> are smooth functions. Also, we establish that if a 3-dimensional generalized Sasakian-space-form <span>\\(M(f_1,f_2,f_3)\\)</span> admits a gradient <span>\\(\\eta \\)</span>-Ricci soliton with potential function <i>f</i>, then <span>\\(f = log(\\frac{f_1-f_3}{k})^2,\\)</span> where <i>k</i> is a constant. Next, we prove that if a 3-dimensional generalized Sasakian-space-form <span>\\(M(f_1,f_2,f_3)\\)</span> is an <span>\\(\\eta \\)</span>-Yamabe soliton, then the soliton reduces to a Yamabe soliton and the scalar curvature is constant. Finally, we construct an example which proves the existence of our results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46107,"journal":{"name":"Afrika Matematika","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Different solitons associated with 3-dimensional generalized Sasakian-space-forms\",\"authors\":\"Arpan Sardar, Avijit Sarkar\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s13370-024-01233-1\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>In the present paper we characterize 3-dimensional generalized Sasakian-space-forms admitting some solitons such as Einstein solitons, <span>\\\\(\\\\eta \\\\)</span>-Einstein solitons,<span>\\\\(\\\\eta \\\\)</span>-Ricci solitons, gradient <span>\\\\(\\\\eta \\\\)</span>-Ricci solitons and <span>\\\\(\\\\eta \\\\)</span>-Yamabe solitons. First we show that an Einstein soliton on a 3-dimensional generalized Sasakian-space-form <span>\\\\(M(f_1,f_2,f_3)\\\\)</span> becomes a Ricci soliton and the soliton is shrinking, steady and expanding according as <span>\\\\((f_1 - f_3) < 0, = 0\\\\)</span> and <span>\\\\(> 0\\\\)</span>, respectively, where <span>\\\\(f_1\\\\)</span>, <span>\\\\(f_2\\\\)</span> and <span>\\\\(f_3\\\\)</span> are smooth functions. Also, we establish that if a 3-dimensional generalized Sasakian-space-form <span>\\\\(M(f_1,f_2,f_3)\\\\)</span> admits a gradient <span>\\\\(\\\\eta \\\\)</span>-Ricci soliton with potential function <i>f</i>, then <span>\\\\(f = log(\\\\frac{f_1-f_3}{k})^2,\\\\)</span> where <i>k</i> is a constant. Next, we prove that if a 3-dimensional generalized Sasakian-space-form <span>\\\\(M(f_1,f_2,f_3)\\\\)</span> is an <span>\\\\(\\\\eta \\\\)</span>-Yamabe soliton, then the soliton reduces to a Yamabe soliton and the scalar curvature is constant. Finally, we construct an example which proves the existence of our results.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":46107,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Afrika Matematika\",\"volume\":\"36 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-01-03\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Afrika Matematika\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13370-024-01233-1\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MATHEMATICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Afrika Matematika","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13370-024-01233-1","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Different solitons associated with 3-dimensional generalized Sasakian-space-forms
In the present paper we characterize 3-dimensional generalized Sasakian-space-forms admitting some solitons such as Einstein solitons, \(\eta \)-Einstein solitons,\(\eta \)-Ricci solitons, gradient \(\eta \)-Ricci solitons and \(\eta \)-Yamabe solitons. First we show that an Einstein soliton on a 3-dimensional generalized Sasakian-space-form \(M(f_1,f_2,f_3)\) becomes a Ricci soliton and the soliton is shrinking, steady and expanding according as \((f_1 - f_3) < 0, = 0\) and \(> 0\), respectively, where \(f_1\), \(f_2\) and \(f_3\) are smooth functions. Also, we establish that if a 3-dimensional generalized Sasakian-space-form \(M(f_1,f_2,f_3)\) admits a gradient \(\eta \)-Ricci soliton with potential function f, then \(f = log(\frac{f_1-f_3}{k})^2,\) where k is a constant. Next, we prove that if a 3-dimensional generalized Sasakian-space-form \(M(f_1,f_2,f_3)\) is an \(\eta \)-Yamabe soliton, then the soliton reduces to a Yamabe soliton and the scalar curvature is constant. Finally, we construct an example which proves the existence of our results.