Christhian B Souza, Gilberto R O Menezes, Andrea Gondo, Andrea A Egito, Pedro V B Ramos, Rodrigo C Gomes, Marcelo N Ribas, José Antônio Fernandes Júnior, Simone E F Guimarães
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A population of 1762 purebred Senepol cattle was phenotyped for the following water efficiency traits: water intake (WI), gross water efficiency (GWE), water conversion ratio (WCR), residual water intake based on average daily gain (RWI<sub>ADG</sub>) and residual water intake based on dry matter intake (RWI<sub>DMI</sub>). A subset of 1342 animals was genotyped using GGP Bovine 50 K SNP Chip with (734 animals) or 100 K (508 animals), and imputation from 50 K to 100 K was performed with Beagle software. The heritability estimates were 0.36 ± 0.06, 0.26 ± 0.05, 0.22 ± 0.05, 0.24 ± 0.05 and 0.20 ± 0.05 for WI, GWE, WCR, RWI<sub>ADG</sub> and RWI<sub>DMI</sub>, respectively. Unlike the raw measures of WI, the phenotypic correlations between average daily gain (ADG) and the residuals (RWI<sub>DMI</sub> and RWI<sub>ADG</sub>) were zero. All water efficiency traits were moderately to highly correlated with each other. GWAS were used to estimate the effect of 79,860 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and significant SNPs were only observed for WCR. Enrichment analysis of genes in the significant regions revealed the involvement of different biological processes, such as saliva production, water transport, renal system and immune system. Genetic selection of Senepol cattle for water efficiency traits is feasible and can reduce water requirements for meat production. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
在环境弹性系统中生产的需求推动了新的研究，以实现可持续的牛肉生产。牛肉供应链的水足迹是一个必须解决的问题，旨在改善生产链中的水资源利用。一种方法是对肉牛进行遗传选择以提高用水效率。然而，了解这种表型表达的遗传结构和机制对于选择最佳选择标准至关重要。因此，我们的研究旨在估计水分效率性状的遗传参数，进行全基因组关联研究（GWAS），并确定所涉及的遗传网络和生物学过程。以1762头纯种塞内普尔牛为研究对象，对采食量（WI）、总水分效率（GWE）、水分转化率（WCR）、基于平均日增重的剩余采食量（RWIADG）和基于干物质采食量（RWIDMI）的剩余采食量进行表型分析。用GGP牛50 K SNP芯片（734只）或100 K（508只）对1342只动物进行基因分型，用Beagle软件进行50 - 100 K的代入。WI、GWE、WCR、RWIADG和RWIDMI的遗传力分别为0.36±0.06、0.26±0.05、0.22±0.05、0.24±0.05和0.20±0.05。与WI的原始测量不同，平均日增重（ADG）与残差（RWIDMI和RWIADG）之间的表型相关性为零。各水分利用效率性状之间呈中至高度相关。使用GWAS估计了79,860个单核苷酸多态性（snp）的影响，并且仅在WCR中观察到显著的snp。对重要区域基因的富集分析揭示了不同的生物过程，如唾液产生、水运输、肾脏系统和免疫系统。对塞内普尔牛的水分利用性状进行遗传选择是可行的，可以减少肉制品的需水量。水分利用效率是一种多基因性状，不同的生物学过程同时作用于相关表型的表达。
Estimation of Genetic Parameters and GWAS on Water Efficiency Traits in the Senepol Cattle.
The need for producing in environmentally resilient system drives new research to achieve sustainable beef production. Water footprint of the beef supply chain is a concern that must be addressed, aiming to improve water use within the production chain. One approach is genetic selection of beef cattle for water efficiency. However, it is essential to understand the genetic architecture and mechanisms involved in the expression of this phenotype to choose the best selection criteria. Thus, our study aimed to estimate genetic parameters for water efficiency traits, conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and identify the genetic networks and biological processes involved. A population of 1762 purebred Senepol cattle was phenotyped for the following water efficiency traits: water intake (WI), gross water efficiency (GWE), water conversion ratio (WCR), residual water intake based on average daily gain (RWIADG) and residual water intake based on dry matter intake (RWIDMI). A subset of 1342 animals was genotyped using GGP Bovine 50 K SNP Chip with (734 animals) or 100 K (508 animals), and imputation from 50 K to 100 K was performed with Beagle software. The heritability estimates were 0.36 ± 0.06, 0.26 ± 0.05, 0.22 ± 0.05, 0.24 ± 0.05 and 0.20 ± 0.05 for WI, GWE, WCR, RWIADG and RWIDMI, respectively. Unlike the raw measures of WI, the phenotypic correlations between average daily gain (ADG) and the residuals (RWIDMI and RWIADG) were zero. All water efficiency traits were moderately to highly correlated with each other. GWAS were used to estimate the effect of 79,860 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and significant SNPs were only observed for WCR. Enrichment analysis of genes in the significant regions revealed the involvement of different biological processes, such as saliva production, water transport, renal system and immune system. Genetic selection of Senepol cattle for water efficiency traits is feasible and can reduce water requirements for meat production. Water efficiency measures are polygenic traits, and different biological processes act simultaneously on the expression of related phenotypes.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics publishes original articles by international scientists on genomic selection, and any other topic related to breeding programmes, selection, quantitative genetic, genomics, diversity and evolution of domestic animals. Researchers, teachers, and the animal breeding industry will find the reports of interest. Book reviews appear in many issues.
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