{"title":"印度喜马拉雅山脉中山以桑树为主的农林复合系统下土芋草的评价：树冠和有机覆盖的影响","authors":"Vibhuti Rathore, Daulat Ram Bhardwaj, Prashant Sharma, Praveen Kumar, Dhirender Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s10457-024-01125-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agroforestry is gaining attention as a sustainable food system that also contributes to maintaining soil health and environmental stability. Hence, the current experiment was established in a split-plot design; focused on cultivating <i>Colocasia esculenta</i> (L.) Schott in <i>Morus alba</i> L.-based agroforestry systems and open field condition (main plots) with ten different mulch applications (sub plots) namely, mulch of <i>Toona ciliata</i> + farmyard manure (FYM) + Recommended Doses Fertilizers (@ N:P:K:: 110:60:50 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) (RDF); <i>Pinus roxburghii</i> + FYM + RDF; <i>Celtis australis</i> + FYM + RDF; <i>Ulmus villosa</i> + FYM + RDF; <i>Artemisia vulgaris</i> + FYM + RDF; <i>Pistacia integrimma</i> + FYM + RDF; <i>Phyllostachys aurea</i> + FYM + RDF; <i>Melia composita</i> + FYM + RDF; and FYM + RDF and control conditions, each replicated thrice. The results demonstrated that the canopy of <i>M. alba</i> had a minimal influence on the total yield of Colocasia; however, increases in some yield traits, such as corms per plant and corm fresh weight were observed despite decreasing the amount of light transmitted through the tree canopy by 29.51%. Moreover, the highest growth and yield traits, viz<i>.,</i> number of sprouted rhizomes (79.36%), tillers per plant (5.95), corms per plant (11.28), and yield (19.18 t ha<sup>−1</sup>) were observed under <i>T. ciliata</i> + FYM + RDF mulch treatment. Simultaneously, the soil analysis indicated that under <i>M. alba</i> canopy had a higher available potassium (246.89 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), phosphorus (50.812 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), nitrogen (358.78 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) and organic carbon (1.35%) compared to open cropping. Among different mulch treatments, the application of <i>P. aurea</i> + FYM + RDF mulch considerably improved soil health. Overall, the study concluded that <i>C. esculenta</i> can be grown in an agroforestry system without any significant reduction in yield, and the use of organic mulches such as <i>P. aurea</i>, <i>T. ciliata</i>, and <i>C. australis</i> can further enhance the growth and yield of Colocasia, making it a viable option for increasing the regenerative capacity of the soil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Evaluation of Colocasia (Colocasia esculenta Linn.) under Morus alba-based agroforestry system in the mid-hills of Indian Himalayas: influence of tree canopy and organic mulches\",\"authors\":\"Vibhuti Rathore, Daulat Ram Bhardwaj, Prashant Sharma, Praveen Kumar, Dhirender Kumar\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10457-024-01125-0\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Agroforestry is gaining attention as a sustainable food system that also contributes to maintaining soil health and environmental stability. Hence, the current experiment was established in a split-plot design; focused on cultivating <i>Colocasia esculenta</i> (L.) Schott in <i>Morus alba</i> L.-based agroforestry systems and open field condition (main plots) with ten different mulch applications (sub plots) namely, mulch of <i>Toona ciliata</i> + farmyard manure (FYM) + Recommended Doses Fertilizers (@ N:P:K:: 110:60:50 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) (RDF); <i>Pinus roxburghii</i> + FYM + RDF; <i>Celtis australis</i> + FYM + RDF; <i>Ulmus villosa</i> + FYM + RDF; <i>Artemisia vulgaris</i> + FYM + RDF; <i>Pistacia integrimma</i> + FYM + RDF; <i>Phyllostachys aurea</i> + FYM + RDF; <i>Melia composita</i> + FYM + RDF; and FYM + RDF and control conditions, each replicated thrice. The results demonstrated that the canopy of <i>M. alba</i> had a minimal influence on the total yield of Colocasia; however, increases in some yield traits, such as corms per plant and corm fresh weight were observed despite decreasing the amount of light transmitted through the tree canopy by 29.51%. Moreover, the highest growth and yield traits, viz<i>.,</i> number of sprouted rhizomes (79.36%), tillers per plant (5.95), corms per plant (11.28), and yield (19.18 t ha<sup>−1</sup>) were observed under <i>T. ciliata</i> + FYM + RDF mulch treatment. Simultaneously, the soil analysis indicated that under <i>M. alba</i> canopy had a higher available potassium (246.89 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), phosphorus (50.812 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), nitrogen (358.78 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) and organic carbon (1.35%) compared to open cropping. Among different mulch treatments, the application of <i>P. aurea</i> + FYM + RDF mulch considerably improved soil health. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
农林业作为一种可持续的粮食系统，也有助于保持土壤健康和环境稳定，正受到人们的关注。因此，本实验采用裂图设计；重点培育土芋（Colocasia esculenta）Schott在以桑树为基础的农林业系统和空地条件下（主地块）使用十种不同的地膜（子地块），即覆盖香椿树+农家肥(FYM) +推荐剂量肥料（@ N:P:K:: 110:60:50 kg ha - 1） （RDF）；刺梨+ FYM + RDF；南方凯尔特人+ FYM + RDF；榆木+ FYM + RDF；青蒿+ FYM + RDF；黄连木+ FYM + RDF；毛竹+ FYM + RDF；茉莉+ FYM + RDF；FYM + RDF和控制条件，每个条件复制三次。结果表明：白桦冠层对绿草树的总产量影响最小；然而，尽管通过树冠的透光量减少了29.51%，但单株球果数和球果鲜重等产量性状却有所增加。此外，毛霉+ FYM + RDF覆盖处理的生长和产量性状最高，分别为发芽根茎数（79.36%）、单株分蘖数（5.95）、单株球茎数（11.28）和产量（19.18 t ha - 1）。与此同时，白杨冠层下土壤速效钾（246.89 kg ha−1）、磷（50.812 kg ha−1）、氮（358.78 kg ha−1）和有机碳（1.35%）均高于露天种植。在不同覆盖处理中，金蜡+ FYM + RDF覆盖处理显著改善了土壤健康状况。综上所述，在农林复合系统中种植红草不会造成产量的显著下降，而使用有机地膜如金毛、纤毛、南毛等可以进一步促进红草的生长和产量，是提高土壤再生能力的可行选择。
Evaluation of Colocasia (Colocasia esculenta Linn.) under Morus alba-based agroforestry system in the mid-hills of Indian Himalayas: influence of tree canopy and organic mulches
Agroforestry is gaining attention as a sustainable food system that also contributes to maintaining soil health and environmental stability. Hence, the current experiment was established in a split-plot design; focused on cultivating Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott in Morus alba L.-based agroforestry systems and open field condition (main plots) with ten different mulch applications (sub plots) namely, mulch of Toona ciliata + farmyard manure (FYM) + Recommended Doses Fertilizers (@ N:P:K:: 110:60:50 kg ha−1) (RDF); Pinus roxburghii + FYM + RDF; Celtis australis + FYM + RDF; Ulmus villosa + FYM + RDF; Artemisia vulgaris + FYM + RDF; Pistacia integrimma + FYM + RDF; Phyllostachys aurea + FYM + RDF; Melia composita + FYM + RDF; and FYM + RDF and control conditions, each replicated thrice. The results demonstrated that the canopy of M. alba had a minimal influence on the total yield of Colocasia; however, increases in some yield traits, such as corms per plant and corm fresh weight were observed despite decreasing the amount of light transmitted through the tree canopy by 29.51%. Moreover, the highest growth and yield traits, viz., number of sprouted rhizomes (79.36%), tillers per plant (5.95), corms per plant (11.28), and yield (19.18 t ha−1) were observed under T. ciliata + FYM + RDF mulch treatment. Simultaneously, the soil analysis indicated that under M. alba canopy had a higher available potassium (246.89 kg ha−1), phosphorus (50.812 kg ha−1), nitrogen (358.78 kg ha−1) and organic carbon (1.35%) compared to open cropping. Among different mulch treatments, the application of P. aurea + FYM + RDF mulch considerably improved soil health. Overall, the study concluded that C. esculenta can be grown in an agroforestry system without any significant reduction in yield, and the use of organic mulches such as P. aurea, T. ciliata, and C. australis can further enhance the growth and yield of Colocasia, making it a viable option for increasing the regenerative capacity of the soil.
期刊介绍：
Agroforestry Systems is an international scientific journal that publishes results of novel, high impact original research, critical reviews and short communications on any aspect of agroforestry. The journal particularly encourages contributions that demonstrate the role of agroforestry in providing commodity as well non-commodity benefits such as ecosystem services. Papers dealing with both biophysical and socioeconomic aspects are welcome. These include results of investigations of a fundamental or applied nature dealing with integrated systems involving trees and crops and/or livestock. Manuscripts that are purely descriptive in nature or confirmatory in nature of well-established findings, and with limited international scope are discouraged. To be acceptable for publication, the information presented must be relevant to a context wider than the specific location where the study was undertaken, and provide new insight or make a significant contribution to the agroforestry knowledge base
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