Payam Samadi Miandoab, Saeed Setayeshi, Oliver Blanck, Shahyar Saramad
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Commercial tracking systems utilize a hybrid external-internal correlation model (ECM), integrating continuous external breathing monitoring with sparse X-ray imaging of the internal tumor position.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Purpose</h3>\n \n <p>This study investigates the feasibility of using the next generation reservoir computing (NG-RC) model as a hybrid ECM to transform measured external motions into estimated 3D internal motions.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>The NG-RC model utilizes the nonlinear vector autoregressive (NVAR) machine to account for the hysteresis or phase differences between external and internal motions. The datasets used to evaluate the efficacy of the NG-RC model include 57 motion traces from the CyberKnife system. The datasets were divided into three regions (central, lower, and upper livers) and three motion patterns. These patterns include linear and nonlinear motion patterns (Group A), hysteresis motion patterns (Group B), and all motion patterns (Group C). Moreover, various updating techniques were examined, such as continuously updating the NG-RC model using the first-in-first-out (FIFO) approach and sampling the internal tumor position every 0 s (strategy A), 60 s (strategy B), 30 s (strategy C), and 50 s (strategy D).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>The NG-RC model combined with strategy C resulted in better estimation accuracy than the reported CyberKnife cases (Wilcoxon signed rank <i>p</i> < 0.05). For linear and nonlinear motion patterns, the 3D radial estimation accuracy (mean ± SD) using the NG-RC model combined with strategy C and the CyberKnife system was 1.20 ± 0.78 and 1.1 ± 0.20 mm in the central liver, 0.66 ± 0.25 and 1.49 ± 0.50 mm in the lower liver, and 1.73 ± 0.86 and 1.61 ± 0.42 mm in the upper liver. For hysteresis motion patterns, the corresponding values were 1.13 ± 0.37 and 1.45 ± 0.33 mm, 1.43 ± 1.30 and 1.67 ± 0.42 mm, and 1.20 ± 0.68 and 1.46 ± 0.54 mm in the central, lower, and upper livers, respectively.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>This study proposed a new hybrid correlation model for real-time tumor tracking, which can be used to account for both linear and nonlinear motion patterns, as well as hysteresis motion patterns. Additionally, the NG-RC model required shorter training data sets (15 s) during pre-treatment and short internal motion sampling (every 30 s) during treatment compared to other ECMs.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":18384,"journal":{"name":"Medical physics","volume":"52 3","pages":"1416-1429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Feasibility study of using next-generation reservoir computing (NG-RC) model to estimate liver tumor motion from external breathing signals\",\"authors\":\"Payam Samadi Miandoab, Saeed Setayeshi, Oliver Blanck, Shahyar Saramad\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/mp.17595\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background</h3>\\n \\n <p>Respiratory motion is a challenge for accurate radiotherapy that may be mitigated by real-time tracking. Commercial tracking systems utilize a hybrid external-internal correlation model (ECM), integrating continuous external breathing monitoring with sparse X-ray imaging of the internal tumor position.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Purpose</h3>\\n \\n <p>This study investigates the feasibility of using the next generation reservoir computing (NG-RC) model as a hybrid ECM to transform measured external motions into estimated 3D internal motions.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>The NG-RC model utilizes the nonlinear vector autoregressive (NVAR) machine to account for the hysteresis or phase differences between external and internal motions. The datasets used to evaluate the efficacy of the NG-RC model include 57 motion traces from the CyberKnife system. The datasets were divided into three regions (central, lower, and upper livers) and three motion patterns. These patterns include linear and nonlinear motion patterns (Group A), hysteresis motion patterns (Group B), and all motion patterns (Group C). Moreover, various updating techniques were examined, such as continuously updating the NG-RC model using the first-in-first-out (FIFO) approach and sampling the internal tumor position every 0 s (strategy A), 60 s (strategy B), 30 s (strategy C), and 50 s (strategy D).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>The NG-RC model combined with strategy C resulted in better estimation accuracy than the reported CyberKnife cases (Wilcoxon signed rank <i>p</i> < 0.05). For linear and nonlinear motion patterns, the 3D radial estimation accuracy (mean ± SD) using the NG-RC model combined with strategy C and the CyberKnife system was 1.20 ± 0.78 and 1.1 ± 0.20 mm in the central liver, 0.66 ± 0.25 and 1.49 ± 0.50 mm in the lower liver, and 1.73 ± 0.86 and 1.61 ± 0.42 mm in the upper liver. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景:呼吸运动是精确放疗的一个挑战,可以通过实时跟踪来缓解。商业跟踪系统利用混合外部-内部相关模型(ECM),将连续的外部呼吸监测与内部肿瘤位置的稀疏x射线成像相结合。目的:本研究探讨了使用下一代油藏计算(NG-RC)模型作为混合ECM将测量到的外部运动转换为估计的三维内部运动的可行性。方法:NG-RC模型利用非线性向量自回归(NVAR)机来解释内外运动之间的滞后或相位差。用于评估NG-RC模型有效性的数据集包括来自射波刀系统的57条运动轨迹。数据集被分为三个区域(中央、下肝和上肝)和三种运动模式。这些模式包括线性和非线性运动模式(A组)、迟滞运动模式(B组)和所有运动模式(C组)。此外,我们还研究了各种更新技术,例如使用先进先出(FIFO)方法不断更新NG-RC模型,并每0秒(策略A)、60秒(策略B)、30秒(策略C)和50秒(策略D)对内部肿瘤位置进行采样。NG-RC模型与策略C相结合的估计精度优于所报道的射波刀病例(Wilcoxon signed rank p < 0.05)。对于线性和非线性运动模式,NG-RC模型结合策略C和射波刀系统的三维径向估计精度(mean±SD)在中央肝脏为1.20±0.78和1.1±0.20 mm,在下肝脏为0.66±0.25和1.49±0.50 mm,在上肝脏为1.73±0.86和1.61±0.42 mm。对于迟滞运动模式,中央、下、上肝的对应值分别为1.13±0.37和1.45±0.33 mm, 1.43±1.30和1.67±0.42 mm, 1.20±0.68和1.46±0.54 mm。结论:本研究提出了一种新的混合相关模型用于实时肿瘤跟踪,该模型可用于考虑线性和非线性运动模式以及滞后运动模式。此外,与其他ecm相比,NG-RC模型在预处理期间需要更短的训练数据集(15秒),在治疗期间需要更短的内部运动采样(每30秒)。
Feasibility study of using next-generation reservoir computing (NG-RC) model to estimate liver tumor motion from external breathing signals
Background
Respiratory motion is a challenge for accurate radiotherapy that may be mitigated by real-time tracking. Commercial tracking systems utilize a hybrid external-internal correlation model (ECM), integrating continuous external breathing monitoring with sparse X-ray imaging of the internal tumor position.
Purpose
This study investigates the feasibility of using the next generation reservoir computing (NG-RC) model as a hybrid ECM to transform measured external motions into estimated 3D internal motions.
Methods
The NG-RC model utilizes the nonlinear vector autoregressive (NVAR) machine to account for the hysteresis or phase differences between external and internal motions. The datasets used to evaluate the efficacy of the NG-RC model include 57 motion traces from the CyberKnife system. The datasets were divided into three regions (central, lower, and upper livers) and three motion patterns. These patterns include linear and nonlinear motion patterns (Group A), hysteresis motion patterns (Group B), and all motion patterns (Group C). Moreover, various updating techniques were examined, such as continuously updating the NG-RC model using the first-in-first-out (FIFO) approach and sampling the internal tumor position every 0 s (strategy A), 60 s (strategy B), 30 s (strategy C), and 50 s (strategy D).
Results
The NG-RC model combined with strategy C resulted in better estimation accuracy than the reported CyberKnife cases (Wilcoxon signed rank p < 0.05). For linear and nonlinear motion patterns, the 3D radial estimation accuracy (mean ± SD) using the NG-RC model combined with strategy C and the CyberKnife system was 1.20 ± 0.78 and 1.1 ± 0.20 mm in the central liver, 0.66 ± 0.25 and 1.49 ± 0.50 mm in the lower liver, and 1.73 ± 0.86 and 1.61 ± 0.42 mm in the upper liver. For hysteresis motion patterns, the corresponding values were 1.13 ± 0.37 and 1.45 ± 0.33 mm, 1.43 ± 1.30 and 1.67 ± 0.42 mm, and 1.20 ± 0.68 and 1.46 ± 0.54 mm in the central, lower, and upper livers, respectively.
Conclusion
This study proposed a new hybrid correlation model for real-time tumor tracking, which can be used to account for both linear and nonlinear motion patterns, as well as hysteresis motion patterns. Additionally, the NG-RC model required shorter training data sets (15 s) during pre-treatment and short internal motion sampling (every 30 s) during treatment compared to other ECMs.
期刊介绍:
Medical Physics publishes original, high impact physics, imaging science, and engineering research that advances patient diagnosis and therapy through contributions in 1) Basic science developments with high potential for clinical translation 2) Clinical applications of cutting edge engineering and physics innovations 3) Broadly applicable and innovative clinical physics developments
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