胃癌切除术患者术后饮食干预的有效性：准实验研究设计。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q1 NURSING

Seminars in Oncology Nursing Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.soncn.2024.151797

Dahye KIM , Myung Kyung LEE

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的：本研究旨在探讨术后饮食干预对胃癌切除术患者疲劳、胃肠道副作用管理自我效能、营养管理自我效能、自我保健活动和未满足护理需求的影响。方法：采用准实验研究设计（非等效对照组，前测后测）。资料收集自韩国大邱59例胃切除术住院的胃癌患者（实验组30例，对照组29例）。对照组完成干预前调查，接受常规护理，然后完成干预后调查。对照组完成常规护理和检查后，实验组接受术后饮食干预。这项干预包括个人面对面的教育和电话咨询，内容包括控制胃切除术的副作用、预防症状的饮食方法、避免的食物、摄入足够卡路里的方法、保持均衡的饮食和写下承诺。对照组作为候补名单对照组。在实验组的所有干预和测试完成后，应对照组的要求，对他们进行同样的饮食干预。该实验研究于2021年6月至2023年2月进行。结果：与对照组比较，实验组患者在疲劳（P = .005）、处理胃肠道不良反应的自我效能感（P < .001）、营养管理的自我效能感（P = .03）、自我护理活动（P < .001）、未满足的护理需求（P < .001）方面均有显著改善。结论：术后饮食干预有助于提高胃癌患者的自我效能感、疲劳水平和自我保健活动。对护理实践的影响：在出院后，对接受胃癌切除术的患者实施基于需求和基于损失框架的饮食干预，以及常规出院教育，可以提高疲劳水平，管理营养和胃肠道副作用的自我效能感，自我保健活动，以及未满足的护理需求。

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Effectiveness of Postoperative Dietary Intervention in Patients with Gastric Cancer who Underwent Gastrectomy: Quasi-Experimental Study Design

Objectives

This article aims to investigate the effects of a postoperative dietary intervention on fatigue, self-efficacy in managing gastrointestinal side effects, self-efficacy for nutritional management, self-care activity, and unmet nursing needs among patients with gastric cancer who have undergone gastrectomy.

Methods

We used a quasi-experimental study design (nonequivalent control group pretest–posttest). Data were collected from 59 patients with gastric cancer (30 in the experimental group and 29 in the control patients) hospitalized for gastrectomy in Daegu, South Korea. The control group completed a preintervention survey, received routine care, and then completed a postintervention survey. After the control group finished their routine care and tests, the experimental group received a postoperative dietary intervention. This intervention included individual face-to-face education and telephone counseling on managing gastrectomy side effects, eating methods to prevent symptoms, foods to avoid, ways to consume sufficient calories, maintaining a balanced diet, and pledge writing. The control group served as a waitlist control. After all interventions and tests for the experimental group were completed, the same dietary intervention was offered to the control group upon their request. This experimental study was conducted from June 2021 to February 2023.

Results

Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed significant improvements in fatigue (P = .005), self-efficacy in managing gastrointestinal side effects (P < .001), self-efficacy for nutritional management (P = .03), self-care activity (P < .001), and unmet nursing needs (P < .001).

Conclusion

Postoperative dietary interventions contribute to improving self-efficacy, fatigue levels, and self-care activity among patients with gastric cancer.

Implications for Nursing Practice

Upon discharge, implementing a needs-based and loss-framed message-based dietary intervention, alongside routine discharge education, for patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer can enhance fatigue levels, self-efficacy in managing nutrition and gastrointestinal side effects, self-care activity, and unmet nursing needs.

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来源期刊

Seminars in Oncology Nursing Nursing-Oncology (nursing)

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

45 days

期刊介绍： Seminars in Oncology Nursing is a unique international journal published six times a year. Each issue offers a multi-faceted overview of a single cancer topic from a selection of expert review articles and disseminates oncology nursing research relevant to patient care, nursing education, management, and policy development.