Effect of TiO2 and SiO2 Nanoparticles on the Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether (BADGE) and its Derivatives Migration from Food Can Coatings

Epoxy coatings have common application as inner surface coating of food cans and have good mechanical properties, adhesion, flexibility and integrity and protect food cans against corrosion. These coatings contain bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), also bisphenol A (BPA) units as residues, which are toxic and there is danger for migration of these derivatives into the Foodstuffs and poisoning them. In this research, titanium dioxide and silica nanoparticles were added into the formulation of epoxy can coating and its effects on migration of BPA and BADGE derivatives was investigated by using Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) test methods. Also, Physical and mechanical properties as well as coatings resultant safety were studied. Observations clarified that the coatings’ hardness was increased by adding 0.5 wt % of SiO₂ nanoparticles. Mechanical properties of coating had no noticeable changing by addition of TiO₂ nanoparticles up to 0.75 wt %, but the gloss was decreased. The migration rates of TiO₂ and SiO₂ were negligible. The migration rate of BPA and BADGE derivatives were lower than acceptable limit mentioned in Commission Regulation (EU 10/2011), with Commission Regulation (EC) No 1895/2005, respectively. The lowest migration rate of the BADGE, beside its hydrated, also, hydrochloride derivatives (BADGEs), into acidic and alcoholic food simulants, was belong to the epoxy coating containing 0.5 and 0.15 wt % of TiO₂ nanoparticles, respectively. Also, the lowest values of BADGEs migration, into the acidic and alcoholic food simulants, was belong to the coatings containing 0.15 and 0.3 wt % of SiO₂, respectively.