Consumer Understanding of Prescription Drug Indications in Direct-to-Consumer Television Advertisements.

Background: Prescription drugs may be indicated to treat more than one medical condition, and companies may promote more than one indication in the same direct-to-consumer (DTC) ad. This study examined how presenting multiple prescription drug indications in one DTC television ad affects consumers' processing of drug information.

Methods: We conducted two studies with adults diagnosed with diabetes (Study 1, N = 408) or rheumatoid arthritis (Study 2, N = 411). We randomly assigned participants to view one of three television ads: primary indication only (Study 1: diabetic peripheral neuropathy; Study 2: rheumatoid arthritis), primary plus a similar secondary indication (Study 1: fibromyalgia; Study 2: psoriatic arthritis), or primary plus a dissimilar secondary indication (Study 1: generalized anxiety disorder; Study 2: ulcerative colitis).

Results: Remembering and understanding the primary indication was not significantly affected by the presence of a secondary indication (similar or dissimilar). Higher health literacy participants remembered and understood secondary indications.

Conclusions: Including a second indication in DTC television ads does not appear to have detrimental effects and can increase awareness of the second indication for some participants. Industry and regulators should continue to ensure DTC promotion is truthful and non-misleading, irrespective of the number of indications presented.