{"title":"遗传密码并不是通用的。","authors":"Massimo Di Giulio","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105382","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, a new genetic code with 62 sense codons, coding for 21 amino acids, and only 2 termination codons has been identified in archaea. The authors argue that the appearance of this variant of the genetic code is due to the relatively recent and complete recoding of all UAG stop codons to codons encoding for pyrrolysine. I re-evaluate this discovery by presenting arguments that favour the early, i.e. ancestral, appearance of this variant of the genetic code during the origin of the genetic code itself. These arguments are capable of supporting that during the origin of the organization of the genetic code, at least two versions of the genetic code evolved in the domain of the Archaea. Thus, the genetic code would not be absolutely universal.</p>","PeriodicalId":50730,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems","volume":" ","pages":"105382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The genetic code is not universal.\",\"authors\":\"Massimo Di Giulio\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105382\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Recently, a new genetic code with 62 sense codons, coding for 21 amino acids, and only 2 termination codons has been identified in archaea. The authors argue that the appearance of this variant of the genetic code is due to the relatively recent and complete recoding of all UAG stop codons to codons encoding for pyrrolysine. I re-evaluate this discovery by presenting arguments that favour the early, i.e. ancestral, appearance of this variant of the genetic code during the origin of the genetic code itself. These arguments are capable of supporting that during the origin of the organization of the genetic code, at least two versions of the genetic code evolved in the domain of the Archaea. Thus, the genetic code would not be absolutely universal.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50730,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Biosystems\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"105382\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Biosystems\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105382\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/12/18 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biosystems","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105382","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/12/18 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, a new genetic code with 62 sense codons, coding for 21 amino acids, and only 2 termination codons has been identified in archaea. The authors argue that the appearance of this variant of the genetic code is due to the relatively recent and complete recoding of all UAG stop codons to codons encoding for pyrrolysine. I re-evaluate this discovery by presenting arguments that favour the early, i.e. ancestral, appearance of this variant of the genetic code during the origin of the genetic code itself. These arguments are capable of supporting that during the origin of the organization of the genetic code, at least two versions of the genetic code evolved in the domain of the Archaea. Thus, the genetic code would not be absolutely universal.
期刊介绍：
BioSystems encourages experimental, computational, and theoretical articles that link biology, evolutionary thinking, and the information processing sciences. The link areas form a circle that encompasses the fundamental nature of biological information processing, computational modeling of complex biological systems, evolutionary models of computation, the application of biological principles to the design of novel computing systems, and the use of biomolecular materials to synthesize artificial systems that capture essential principles of natural biological information processing.
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