Bifunctional catalysts for the coupling processes of CO2 capture and conversion: a minireview

The integrated CO₂ capture and utilization (ICCU) process can simultaneously achieve the reduction of CO₂ emissions and the production of high-value products. Bifunctional catalysts with coupled catalytic and adsorption functions show great potential in the realization of ICCU. The aim of this study is to comprehensively review the recent research progress in the development of bifunctional catalysts. We first review the bifunctional catalysts used in the integrated CO₂ capture and hydrogenation reaction including the RWGS and methanation reaction (ICCU-RWGS and ICCU-methanation). The effects of the adsorbent and catalyst components of bifunctional catalysts on the performance of ICCU-RWGS and ICCU-methanation including adsorption efficiency and catalytic activity are summarized. Then, we present the bifunctional catalysts applied in the integrated CO₂ capture and dry reforming reaction (ICCU-DR). The optimization of bifunctional catalysts to improve their cyclic stability is reviewed. Finally, the applications of bifunctional catalysts that were developed for the integrated ICCU and sorption-enhanced steam reforming (SESR) reaction are demonstrated.