A meta-synthesis of qualitative studies on citizenship and mental health.

Background: Citizenship, as conceptualized by Rowe and colleagues, emphasizes the significance of relationships and community membership, encapsulated by the '5 Rs' - rights, responsibilities, roles, resources, and relationships.

Methods: A meta-synthesis of 20 qualitative studies on citizenship and mental health was conducted.

Results: We identified four central themes: Autonomy and Empowerment, Social Inclusion and Relationships, Social Exclusion, and Non-Relational Resources and Supports. Service users' experiences illuminate the challenges of achieving full citizenship, negotiating societal norms, and accessing non-relational resources.

Conclusions: This synthesis contributes to our understanding of Citizenship and its relationship with mental health, highlighting its role in fostering social inclusion and empowerment as well as informing potential implications for mental health interventions and policies.