{"title":"医护人员在 COVID-19 大流行期间的福祉和对支持的看法：定性研究的系统回顾和元综合。","authors":"Siyuan Zhang, Xiuzhu Gu","doi":"10.1136/leader-2024-001041","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCWs) have faced multiple difficulties in their work and personal lives. However, most of the quantitative reviews have focused on the extent of the pandemic's impact on the HCWs and have thus failed to fully capture the HCWs' experiences and the complexity of the problems they encountered. Therefore, this qualitative systematic review elucidates the HCWs' challenges brought about by the pandemic, their perceptions of the existing support and the support that require further attention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The literature search spanned five databases: Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and PsycInfo, targeting qualitative studies of HCWs' pandemic experiences from December 2019 to December 2023. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：自2019冠状病毒病大流行爆发以来，医护人员在工作和个人生活中面临多重困难。然而，大多数定量审查都侧重于大流行病对卫生保健机构的影响程度，因此未能充分了解卫生保健机构的经验及其遇到的问题的复杂性。因此，这一定性系统评价阐明了卫生保健工作人员对大流行带来的挑战、他们对现有支持的看法以及需要进一步关注的支持。方法：检索Scopus、PubMed、Web of Science、CINAHL和PsycInfo 5大数据库，对2019年12月至2023年12月期间卫生保健工作者的疫情经历进行定性研究。这些研究经过严格的质量和相关性评估，强调批判性评估和选择。根据系统评价和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目，通过荟萃综合统一了研究结果。该研究已在普洛斯彼罗登记。结果：本研究分析了29项关于卫生保健员在大流行期间的经历及其对支持的看法的定性研究，确定了卫生保健员的身心健康、大流行对其职业和个人生活的影响、他们的工作环境和他们获得的支持的四个主题。这些主题包括8个主要类别和25个守则。研究表明，大流行病和工作条件对他们的健康产生了负面影响，影响了他们的职业和个人生活。目前的支持减轻了疫情对医护人员的影响，但也应解决长期心理支持等未来需求。结论：这些研究确定了卫生保健工作者在大流行期间面临的挑战以及现有的支持。然而，由于工作和环境因素之间复杂的相互作用，现有支持的有效性仍然具有挑战性。为了提高其有效性，未来的支持应针对卫生保健员与工作系统之间的相互作用。普洛斯彼罗注册号：CRD42023426238。
Healthcare workers' well-being and perspectives on support during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies.
Background: Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCWs) have faced multiple difficulties in their work and personal lives. However, most of the quantitative reviews have focused on the extent of the pandemic's impact on the HCWs and have thus failed to fully capture the HCWs' experiences and the complexity of the problems they encountered. Therefore, this qualitative systematic review elucidates the HCWs' challenges brought about by the pandemic, their perceptions of the existing support and the support that require further attention.
Methods: The literature search spanned five databases: Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and PsycInfo, targeting qualitative studies of HCWs' pandemic experiences from December 2019 to December 2023. These studies underwent strict quality and relevance assessment, emphasising critical appraisal and selection. Findings were unified through meta-synthesis, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The study was registered in PROSPERO.
Results: This study analysed 29 qualitative studies on HCWs' experiences during the pandemic and their perceptions of support, identifying four themes of HCWs' physical and mental well-being, the impact of the pandemic on their professional and personal lives, their work environments and the support they received. These themes encompassed 8 main categories and 25 codes. The research revealed that the pandemic and work conditions negatively influenced their health, affecting their professional and personal lives. Current support has lessened the pandemic's effects on HCWs but should also address future requirements like long-term psychological support.
Conclusion: The studies identified the challenges faced by HCWs during the pandemic, and the existing support. However, due to the complex interactions between the work and environmental factors, the effectiveness of the existing support remains challenging. To improve their effectiveness, the future support should target the interactions between the HCWs and the work system.
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