Anaesthetic management of an infant with MEGD(H)EL syndrome undergoing cochlear implant.

Background: The syndrome has these features: 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (MEG), deafness(D), encephalopathy (E), Leigh-like syndrome (L). This disorder is caused by biallelic mutations in serine active site-containing protein 1 (SERAC1) gene. When these patients experience hepatopathy (H) in addition to the above manifestations, the syndrome is referred to as MEGD(H)EL. The pathology of this syndrome shares features with diverse types of inborn errors of metabolism.

Case presentation: We discussed the anaesthetic management of an infant 2-year-old suffering from MEGD(H)EL syndrome undergoing cochlear implant. We discuss the pathology, genetics and significant aspects of this sporadic disease which is important for anaesthesiologist.

Conclusions: The usage of dexmedetomidine as the main anaesthetic drug might have the benefit of a non-triggering anaesthetic agent in patients with a mitochondrial disease. Mixture of dexmedetomidine and ketamine provide an effective combination for procedural sedation, predominantly in select populations who are at a high risk of perioperative complications due to underlying co-morbid conditions.