Development of PROTACs using computational approaches.

Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are drugs designed to degrade target proteins via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. With the application of computational biology/chemistry technique in drug design, numerous computer-aided drug design and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven drug design (CADD/AIDD) methods have recently emerged to facilitate the development of PROTAC drugs. We systematically review the role of in silico tools in PROTAC drug design, emphasizing how computational software can model PROTAC action and structure, predict activity, and assist in molecule design. We also discuss current challenges in the rational design of PROTACs from an in silico perspective, such as deviations from small-molecule druggability and the limited availability of training data. We provide an overview of recent discoveries and emerging research in this field, and discuss their potential impact on PROTAC design strategies.