Isometric and anti-isometric classes of timelike minimal surfaces in Lorentz–Minkowski space

Isometric class of minimal surfaces in the Euclidean 3-space $R^3$ has the rigidity: if two simply connected minimal surfaces are isometric, then one of them is congruent to a surface in the specific one-parameter family, called the associated family, of the other. On the other hand, the situation for surfaces with Lorentzian metrics is different. In this paper, we show that there exist two timelike minimal surfaces in the Lorentz-Minkowski 3-space $R_1^3$ that are isometric each other but one of which does not belong to the congruent class of the associated family of the other. We also prove a rigidity theorem for isometric and anti-isometric classes of timelike minimal surfaces under the assumption that surfaces have no flat points.

Moreover, we show how symmetries of such surfaces propagate for various deformations including isometric and anti-isometric deformations. In particular, some conservation laws of symmetry for Goursat transformations are discussed.