Effective components of services for recurrent care experienced parents: A literature review of what works

Recurrent care services aim to reduce the number of repeat removals amongst birth parents who have already ‘lost’ a child through care proceedings. This literature review aimed to identify published evidence about effective components of services to support parents who have experienced repeat removals of their children to care.

Searches identified 19 studies that included content relating to the components of service provision within recurrent care services. Across all studies, a range of perspectives were included: birth parents (n = 425); practitioners (n ≥ 151); other professionals (n = 109).

The evidence reviewed indicates the importance of relationship-based practice, building a trusted relationship between parents and practitioners, continuity and tenacity in engaging with mothers and a non-judgemental approach. Services should be flexible, holistic and client led, with a long duration of support and a flexible end date. Services should: have a trauma-informed approach; recognise unresolved loss, complex grief and trauma experienced by mothers who have ‘lost’ their children through care proceedings; and provide emotional support, therapeutic support, practical support and advocacy. Services need to have a skilled and multi-disciplinary workforce with robust supervision and ongoing training.