The Features of Modeling Mediation in Digital Support for Formation of Multiplicative Concepts.

Background: The formation of multiplicative concepts of complex structure is a challenge for educational design. Students' typical mistakes and strategies spontaneously obtained through hands-on trials in solving balance scale problems have been at the center of many studies within this trend. However, the consideration of relevant concept-mediated actions based on Learning Activity Theory (Davydov) remains a relevant problem.

Objective: We aimed to develop a feasible framework for digital support of students' learning actions in this domain. The productiveness of individual and joint forms of work with dynamic objects in a digital environment, mediated with conceptual modeling tools, was compared.

Design: The participants were 181 fifth-grade students (11-12 years old). The first group (123 students) was taught a special procedure of modeling, which they then could test during individual computer-supported problem-solving. The second group (58 students) worked in pairs (jointly), using the same procedure. The pre- and post-tests included challenging problems on prediction of the balance state and ways to regain equilibrium.

Results: Comparison of the pre- and post-test results of the joint computer-supported activity instruction revealed students' progress in solving critical tasks as guided by the conceptual modeling procedure of load evaluation instead of "empirical" correlations of weights and distances. The individual computer-supported work, however, failed to overcome the belief of some students in the efficacy of trial-and-error methods as applied to the digital simulation with instant feedback.

Conclusion: The special organization of the computer-supported concept-mediated joint activity may promote multiplicative concept formation.