Kriti K. Gupta, Claudio Ricci, Matthew J. Temple, Alessia Tortosa, Michael J. Koss, Roberto J. Assef, Franz E. Bauer, Richard Mushotzy, Federica Ricci, Yoshihiro Ueda, Alejandra F. Rojas, Benny Trakhtenbrot, Chin-Shin Chang, Kyuseok Oh, Ruancun Li, Taiki Kawamuro, Yaherlyn Diaz, Meredith C. Powell, Daniel Stern, C. Megan Urry, Fiona Harrison, Brad Cenko
{"title":"贝司","authors":"Kriti K. Gupta, Claudio Ricci, Matthew J. Temple, Alessia Tortosa, Michael J. Koss, Roberto J. Assef, Franz E. Bauer, Richard Mushotzy, Federica Ricci, Yoshihiro Ueda, Alejandra F. Rojas, Benny Trakhtenbrot, Chin-Shin Chang, Kyuseok Oh, Ruancun Li, Taiki Kawamuro, Yaherlyn Diaz, Meredith C. Powell, Daniel Stern, C. Megan Urry, Fiona Harrison, Brad Cenko","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202450567","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"We present one of the largest multiwavelength studies of simultaneous optical-to-X-ray spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of unobscured (<i>N<i/><sub>H<sub/> < 10<sup>22<sup/> cm<sup>−2<sup/>) active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the local Universe. Using a representative sample of hard-X-ray-selected AGN from the 70-month <i>Swift<i/>/BAT catalog, with optical/UV photometric data from <i>Swift<i/>/UVOT and X-ray spectral data from <i>Swift<i/>/XRT, we constructed broadband SEDs of 236 nearby AGN (0.001 < <i>z<i/> < 0.3). We employed GALFIT to estimate host galaxy contamination in the optical/UV and determine the intrinsic AGN fluxes. We used an absorbed power law with a reflection component to model the X-ray spectra and a dust-reddened multi-temperature blackbody to fit the optical/UV SED. We calculated intrinsic luminosities at multiple wavelengths, total bolometric luminosities (<i>L<i/><sub>bol<sub/>), optical-to-X-ray spectral indices (<i>α<i/><sub>ox<sub/>), and multiple bolometric corrections (<i>κ<i/><sub><i>λ<i/><sub/>) in the optical, UV, and X-rays. We used black hole masses obtained by reverberation mapping and the virial method to estimate Eddington ratios (<i>λ<i/><sub>Edd<sub/>) for all our AGN. We confirm the tight correlation (scatter = 0.45 dex) between UV (2500 Å) and X-ray (2 keV) luminosity for our sample. We observe a significant decrease in <i>α<i/><sub>ox<sub/> with <i>L<i/><sub>bol<sub/> and <i>λ<i/><sub>Edd<sub/>, suggesting that brighter sources emit more UV photons per X-rays. We report a second-order regression relation (scatter = 0.15 dex) between the 2–10 keV bolometric correction (<i>κ<i/><sub>2 − 10<sub/>) and <i>α<i/><sub>ox<sub/>, which is useful to compute <i>L<i/><sub>bol<sub/> in the absence of multiband SEDs. We also investigate the dependence of optical/UV bolometric corrections on the physical properties of AGN and obtain a significant increase in the UV bolometric corrections (<i>κ<i/><sub>W2<sub/> and <i>κ<i/><sub>M2<sub/>) with <i>L<i/><sub>bol<sub/> and <i>λ<i/><sub>Edd<sub/>, unlike those in the optical (<i>κ<i/><sub>V<sub/> and <i>κ<i/><sub>B<sub/>), which are constant across five orders of <i>L<i/><sub>bol<sub/> and <i>λ<i/><sub>Edd<sub/>. We obtain significant dispersions (∼0.1–1 dex) in all bolometric corrections, and hence recommend using appropriate relations with observed quantities while including the reported scatter, instead of their median values.","PeriodicalId":5,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"BASS\",\"authors\":\"Kriti K. Gupta, Claudio Ricci, Matthew J. Temple, Alessia Tortosa, Michael J. Koss, Roberto J. Assef, Franz E. Bauer, Richard Mushotzy, Federica Ricci, Yoshihiro Ueda, Alejandra F. Rojas, Benny Trakhtenbrot, Chin-Shin Chang, Kyuseok Oh, Ruancun Li, Taiki Kawamuro, Yaherlyn Diaz, Meredith C. Powell, Daniel Stern, C. Megan Urry, Fiona Harrison, Brad Cenko\",\"doi\":\"10.1051/0004-6361/202450567\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"We present one of the largest multiwavelength studies of simultaneous optical-to-X-ray spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of unobscured (<i>N<i/><sub>H<sub/> < 10<sup>22<sup/> cm<sup>−2<sup/>) active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the local Universe. Using a representative sample of hard-X-ray-selected AGN from the 70-month <i>Swift<i/>/BAT catalog, with optical/UV photometric data from <i>Swift<i/>/UVOT and X-ray spectral data from <i>Swift<i/>/XRT, we constructed broadband SEDs of 236 nearby AGN (0.001 < <i>z<i/> < 0.3). We employed GALFIT to estimate host galaxy contamination in the optical/UV and determine the intrinsic AGN fluxes. We used an absorbed power law with a reflection component to model the X-ray spectra and a dust-reddened multi-temperature blackbody to fit the optical/UV SED. We calculated intrinsic luminosities at multiple wavelengths, total bolometric luminosities (<i>L<i/><sub>bol<sub/>), optical-to-X-ray spectral indices (<i>α<i/><sub>ox<sub/>), and multiple bolometric corrections (<i>κ<i/><sub><i>λ<i/><sub/>) in the optical, UV, and X-rays. We used black hole masses obtained by reverberation mapping and the virial method to estimate Eddington ratios (<i>λ<i/><sub>Edd<sub/>) for all our AGN. We confirm the tight correlation (scatter = 0.45 dex) between UV (2500 Å) and X-ray (2 keV) luminosity for our sample. We observe a significant decrease in <i>α<i/><sub>ox<sub/> with <i>L<i/><sub>bol<sub/> and <i>λ<i/><sub>Edd<sub/>, suggesting that brighter sources emit more UV photons per X-rays. We report a second-order regression relation (scatter = 0.15 dex) between the 2–10 keV bolometric correction (<i>κ<i/><sub>2 − 10<sub/>) and <i>α<i/><sub>ox<sub/>, which is useful to compute <i>L<i/><sub>bol<sub/> in the absence of multiband SEDs. We also investigate the dependence of optical/UV bolometric corrections on the physical properties of AGN and obtain a significant increase in the UV bolometric corrections (<i>κ<i/><sub>W2<sub/> and <i>κ<i/><sub>M2<sub/>) with <i>L<i/><sub>bol<sub/> and <i>λ<i/><sub>Edd<sub/>, unlike those in the optical (<i>κ<i/><sub>V<sub/> and <i>κ<i/><sub>B<sub/>), which are constant across five orders of <i>L<i/><sub>bol<sub/> and <i>λ<i/><sub>Edd<sub/>. We obtain significant dispersions (∼0.1–1 dex) in all bolometric corrections, and hence recommend using appropriate relations with observed quantities while including the reported scatter, instead of their median values.\",\"PeriodicalId\":5,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":8.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"101\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450567\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450567","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
我们展示了对本宇宙中未遮挡(NH 22 cm-2)的活动星系核(AGN)从光学到 X 射线光谱能量分布(SED)的最大规模多波长同步研究之一。利用为期 70 个月的 Swift/BAT 星表中具有代表性的硬 X 射线选择 AGN 样本,以及 Swift/UVOT 的光学/紫外光测光数据和 Swift/XRT 的 X 射线光谱数据,我们构建了 236 个邻近 AGN(0.001 z Lbol)的宽带 SED、光学-X 射线光谱指数(αox)以及光学、紫外和 X 射线的多重测光校正(κλ)。我们使用通过混响绘图和病毒法获得的黑洞质量来估算所有 AGN 的爱丁顿比(λEdd)。我们证实了我们样本的紫外线(2500 Å)和 X 射线(2 keV)光度之间的紧密相关性(散度 = 0.45 dex)。我们观察到αox随着Lbol和λEdd的增大而明显减小,这表明亮度更高的光源每发射出一个X射线就会释放出更多的紫外光子。我们报告了 2-10 keV 测光校正(κ2 - 10)和 αox 之间的二阶回归关系(散度 = 0.15 dex),这对于在没有多波段 SED 的情况下计算 Lbol 非常有用。我们还研究了光学/紫外测光校正对 AGN 物理性质的依赖性,发现紫外测光校正(κW2 和 κM2)随着 Lbol 和 λEdd 的增加而显著增加,这与光学校正(κV 和 κB)不同,后者在 Lbol 和 λEdd 的五个数量级上都是恒定的。我们在所有测光校正中都得到了很大的分散(∼0.1-1 dex),因此建议使用与观测量的适当关系,同时包括报告的散度,而不是它们的中值。
We present one of the largest multiwavelength studies of simultaneous optical-to-X-ray spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of unobscured (NH < 1022 cm−2) active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the local Universe. Using a representative sample of hard-X-ray-selected AGN from the 70-month Swift/BAT catalog, with optical/UV photometric data from Swift/UVOT and X-ray spectral data from Swift/XRT, we constructed broadband SEDs of 236 nearby AGN (0.001 < z < 0.3). We employed GALFIT to estimate host galaxy contamination in the optical/UV and determine the intrinsic AGN fluxes. We used an absorbed power law with a reflection component to model the X-ray spectra and a dust-reddened multi-temperature blackbody to fit the optical/UV SED. We calculated intrinsic luminosities at multiple wavelengths, total bolometric luminosities (Lbol), optical-to-X-ray spectral indices (αox), and multiple bolometric corrections (κλ) in the optical, UV, and X-rays. We used black hole masses obtained by reverberation mapping and the virial method to estimate Eddington ratios (λEdd) for all our AGN. We confirm the tight correlation (scatter = 0.45 dex) between UV (2500 Å) and X-ray (2 keV) luminosity for our sample. We observe a significant decrease in αox with Lbol and λEdd, suggesting that brighter sources emit more UV photons per X-rays. We report a second-order regression relation (scatter = 0.15 dex) between the 2–10 keV bolometric correction (κ2 − 10) and αox, which is useful to compute Lbol in the absence of multiband SEDs. We also investigate the dependence of optical/UV bolometric corrections on the physical properties of AGN and obtain a significant increase in the UV bolometric corrections (κW2 and κM2) with Lbol and λEdd, unlike those in the optical (κV and κB), which are constant across five orders of Lbol and λEdd. We obtain significant dispersions (∼0.1–1 dex) in all bolometric corrections, and hence recommend using appropriate relations with observed quantities while including the reported scatter, instead of their median values.
期刊介绍:
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces is a leading interdisciplinary journal that brings together chemists, engineers, physicists, and biologists to explore the development and utilization of newly-discovered materials and interfacial processes for specific applications. Our journal has experienced remarkable growth since its establishment in 2009, both in terms of the number of articles published and the impact of the research showcased. We are proud to foster a truly global community, with the majority of published articles originating from outside the United States, reflecting the rapid growth of applied research worldwide.